State of U.P. Vs. Ameer Ali
Email(Arising out of SLP (Crl.) No.1524 of 1992)
(Arising out of SLP (Crl.) No.1524 of 1992)
Indian Penal Code, 1860:
Section 302 – Murder of wife by putting her on fire – Dying declaration corroborated by the medical evidence – Acquittal by the High Court held not justified – Acquittal set aside and conviction and sentence under section 302 passed by the trial court upheld.
Dying Declaration
Dying declaration – Murder of wife by burning her by pouring kerosene oil – Medical evidence corroborated the dying declaration – Dying declaration, if found to be truthful, is sufficient to base conviction without any further corroboration – Acquittal by the High Court held not justified – Acquittal set aside and conviction and sentence under section 302 passed by the trial court up
Held –
… (T)he High Court has acquitted the respondent giving him the benefit of doubt. The High Court has reasoned that in the second dying declaration though the names of two witnesses have been mentioned, they were not present at the time of recording the statement. After the statement was recorded, the witnesses have come and attested the statement. Therefore, investigating officer having had an interest in recording the statement, fabricated it. On that premise the dying declarations were rejected. We have carefully scanned the dying declarations. Even excluding the evidence of the witnesses who turned hostile, we find that the dying declarations are sufficient to base a conviction. She has categorically stated that her husband put her in the room, poured kerosene oil and lit the fire and when she was on fire, she was kept inside the room and was prevented by him from coming out of the house but after she was rescued by the neighbours, her life could not be saved. Under these circumstances, it is clear that the accused had an intention to kill her deliberately by pouring kerosene oil on her head and then set her to fire. Death took place on account of the intentional act of the respondent. The High Court, therefore, was wholly unjustified in doubting the correctness of the declaration recorded by the Magistrate. No reasons have been given to disbelieve dying declaration recorded by the Magistrate. Even with regard to the dying declaration recorded by the investigation officer, we do not find any reason to discard it. No doubt, as stated, the witnesses had come subsequent to recording of the statement of the deceased by the investigating officer but that does not mean that investigating officer had fabricated the statement. As seen, the statement given to the Executive Magistrate is quite clear and is a categorical statement. It gets corroboration, if at all it is needed, from the subsequent dying declaration recorded by the investigating officer. It is settled law that a dying declaration, if found truthful, is sufficient to base a conviction without any further corroboration. In this case, the medical evidence corroborates her dying declarations. It is not necessary that it should be recorded in the form of questions and answers as contended for the accused. The doctor has certified that she was in a mentally fit condition to give the statement. Taking the declarations into consideration, we find no valid or legally sustainable reasons from the judgment of the High Court to uphold acquittal. We hold that the prosecution has proved its case beyond any shadow of doubt. The judgment and order of acquittal passed by the High Court is set aside and that of the Sessions Court stands confirmed. (Para 5)
1. Leave granted.
2. We have heard learned counsel on both sides.
3. This appeal by special leave arises from an order of acquittal passed by the Division Bench of the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in Criminal Appeal No.781/84 on August 30, 1990. The case of the prosecution is that the deceased is the wife of the respondent. On October 20, 1983, between 7.00 and 8.00 p.m. after the accused had come home, he found the deceased preparing food with dal. He brought fish and asked her to make curry. When she was preparing spices to prepare curry, he asked her as to whom she had already prepared the food with dal to which she had stated that she had prepared the food for him and that she did not know that he would bring fish for preparing curry. He suspected her fidelity and called the deceased inside the room beat her and poured kerosene oil on her and lit fire. He came out and shut the door. When she was crying for help, the neighbours had come to rescue her and taken her to the hospital. In the hospital when Executive Magistrate was summoned to record her statement she gave statement at about 9.30 a.m. on October 21, 1983 thus:
“Smt. Wazihunnishan w/o Amir Ali r/o village Barhar Kot P.S. Utraula stated on oath that my husband Amir Ali used to commit much harassment to me. He had brought me before the second marriage was performed. He wanted to marry someone else. He poured kerosene oil upon me and put to fire. I was kept inside the house and so I could not run. I have a son aged about 2 years. When I was burning, the other women of the village had come and started pouring water to extinguish the fire….”
4. Subsequently, the Sub-Inspector (PW-6) had recorded her statement under Section 161 Cr.P.C., which now turned out to be the second dying declaration and is consistent with the first dying declaration with more details. At the trial, apart from the witnesses who had supported the prosecution case during investigation and examined under Section 164 Cr.P.C. have turned hostile at the trial, the Sessions Judge believed the oral testimony of hostile witnesses and separated that part of the statements which were favourable to the accused and accepted their statement which were consistent with the dying declarations recorded by the Magistrate and also by the Sub-Inspector. Based thereon, he convicted the accused for an offence under Section 302 IPC and sentenced him to undergo imprisonment for life.
5. On appeal, as stated earlier, the High Court has acquitted the respondent giving him the benefit of doubt. The High Court has reasoned that in the second dying declaration though the names of two witnesses have been mentioned, they were not present at the time of recording the statement. After the statement was recorded, the witnesses have come and attested the statement. Therefore, investigating officer having had an interest in recording the statement, fabricated it. On that premise the dying declarations were rejected. We have carefully scanned the dying declarations. Even excluding the evidence of the witnesses who turned hostile, we find that the dying declarations are sufficient to base a conviction. She has categorically stated that her husband put her in the room, poured kerosene oil and lit the fire and when she was on fire, she was kept inside the room and was prevented by him from coming out of the house but after she was rescued by the neighbours, her life could not be saved. Under these circumstances, it is clear that the accused had an intention to kill her deliberately by pouring kerosene oil on her head and then set her to fire. Death took place on account of the intentional act of the respondent. The High Court, therefore, was wholly unjustified in doubting the correctness of the declaration recorded by the Magistrate. No reasons have been given to disbelieve dying declaration recorded by the Magistrate. Even with regard to the dying declaration recorded by the investigation officer, we do not find any reason to discard it. No doubt, as stated, the witnesses had come subsequent to recording of the statement of the deceased by the investigating officer but that does not mean that investigating officer had fabricated the statement. As seen, the statement given to the Executive Magistrate is quite clear and is a categorical statement. It gets corroboration, if at all it is needed, from the subsequent dying declaration recorded by the investigating officer. It is settled law that a dying declaration, if found truthful, is sufficient to base a conviction without any further corroboration. In this case, the medical evidence corroborates her dying declarations. It is not necessary that it should be recorded in the form of questions and answers as contended for the accused. The doctor has certified that she was in a mentally fit condition to give the statement. Taking the declarations into consideration, we find no valid or legally sustainable reasons from the judgment of the High Court to uphold acquittal. We hold that the prosecution has proved its case beyond any shadow of doubt. The judgment and order of acquittal passed by the High Court is set aside and that of the Sessions Court stands confirmed. Consequently, the respondent is convicted for an offence punishable under Section 302 IPC and is sentenced to undergo imprisonment for life.
6. The appeal is accordingly allowed.
