State of A.P. Vs. P. Narasimha & Anr.
EmailAppeal: Criminal Appeal Nos. 618-19 of 1989
Petitioner: State of A.P.
Respondent: P. Narasimha & Anr.
Apeal: Criminal Appeal Nos. 618-19 of 1989
Judges: R.M. SAHAI & B.L. HANSARIA, JJ.
Date of Judgment: Apr 29, 1994
Head Note:
CRIMINAL LAW
Indian Penal Code, 1860:
Section 376 – Elopement and rape – Occurrence took place in 1982 – Acquittal of respondents 1 and 2 by the High Court – B, the victim, was above 16 – B married Respondent 2 after the elopement – Held that even if B was above 16, respondent No. 1 was guilty of the offence under section 376 – Acquittal of respondent No.2 upheld because B having married him, her consent could well be presumed even for sexual acts prior to the marriage.
JUDGEMENT:
HANSARIA, J. :
1. These appeals are by the State, who has felt aggrieved at the acquittal of the two respondents by the High Court on appeals being preferred by them against their convictions, which were under sections 366, 366A and 376 IPC insofar as respondent No. 1 is concerned and under section 376 as regard respondent No.2. Two other accused had also been booked for trial under section 366 but they were acquitted.
2. The short facts which need be noted for the disposal of the appeals are that according to the prosecution, PW3 Bhagyamma had been kidnaped by respondent No. 1 with the intent that she would be forced or seduced to have intercourse, whereafter she came to be raped by both the respondents. The High Court, after perusal of the materials on record, took the view that elopement of Bhagyamma may not be ruled out. After hearing Shri Raghuvir for the appellant-State, we have not felt inclined to take a view different from that of the High Court on this aspect. Shri Raghuvir’s main submission, however, is that acquittal of respondent No. 1 under section 366 was not warranted, even if, age of Bhagyamma be taken to be above 16. The relevance of this age is that consent becomes material if the age be above 16. For the appeals at hand, we shall presume that Bhagyamma was above 16. We have taken this stand because the evidence of PW13, Professor S.N. Narain Reddy who had examined Bhagyamma, is that her age, which was 16 or 17 as determined on the basis of ossification test, could differ by one or two years this way or that way.
3. Let us, therefore, see whether on the facts of the present case it could be held that Bhagyamma had consented to the sexual act insofar respondent No. 1 is concerned. Learned counsel for the respondents has contended in this connection that the fact that Bhagyamma had kept totally silent about the sexual assault on her when she had met PW2 soon after she had started living with respondent No. 1 would show that she was a consenting party. This submission is reinforced by contending that Bhagyamma took exception to overtures of respondent No. 1 after she got herself married to respondent No. 2. This would show, according to the learned counsel, that prior to that Bhagyamma had really not objected to the sharing of bed with respondent No.1.
4. We do not, however, agree with the learned counsel, because Bhagyamma being not at all a girl of easy virtue could not have agreed voluntarily to allow respondent No. 1 to sexually assault her, when she ultimately got herself married to respondent No. 2 and that too within 10-15 days of her aforesaid elopement. Her silence about non-reporting to PW2 or, for that matter to PW6, in this regard has to be taken to be either because of fear of reprisal or because of the need felt by Bhagyamma to protect her image.
5. We, therefore, hold that even if Bhagyamma was above 16, respondent No. 1 was guilty of the offence under section 376. As, however, at the relevant time no minimum sentence for offence of rape had been prescribed, which had come to be so done by Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 1983 – the present occurrence having taken place in November, 1982, we are of the view that interest of justice would be met if the sentence of imprisonment undergone, which is said to be about three years, is inflicted as punishment on respondent No. 1 for his offence under section 376.
6. As to the acquittal of respondent No. 2 under section 376, Shri Raghuvir’s argument does not stand on strong footing, because Bhagyamma having married respondent No. 2, her consent can well be presumed even for sexual acts prior to the marriage.
7. In the result, the appeals are partly allowed by setting aside the order of acquittal of respondent No. 1 insofar as his offence under section 376 is concerned for which offence sentence of imprisonment is reduced to the one already undergone. The appeals are dismissed qua respondent No. 2. Both the appellants are on bail. They need not surrender.
1. These appeals are by the State, who has felt aggrieved at the acquittal of the two respondents by the High Court on appeals being preferred by them against their convictions, which were under sections 366, 366A and 376 IPC insofar as respondent No. 1 is concerned and under section 376 as regard respondent No.2. Two other accused had also been booked for trial under section 366 but they were acquitted.
2. The short facts which need be noted for the disposal of the appeals are that according to the prosecution, PW3 Bhagyamma had been kidnaped by respondent No. 1 with the intent that she would be forced or seduced to have intercourse, whereafter she came to be raped by both the respondents. The High Court, after perusal of the materials on record, took the view that elopement of Bhagyamma may not be ruled out. After hearing Shri Raghuvir for the appellant-State, we have not felt inclined to take a view different from that of the High Court on this aspect. Shri Raghuvir’s main submission, however, is that acquittal of respondent No. 1 under section 366 was not warranted, even if, age of Bhagyamma be taken to be above 16. The relevance of this age is that consent becomes material if the age be above 16. For the appeals at hand, we shall presume that Bhagyamma was above 16. We have taken this stand because the evidence of PW13, Professor S.N. Narain Reddy who had examined Bhagyamma, is that her age, which was 16 or 17 as determined on the basis of ossification test, could differ by one or two years this way or that way.
3. Let us, therefore, see whether on the facts of the present case it could be held that Bhagyamma had consented to the sexual act insofar respondent No. 1 is concerned. Learned counsel for the respondents has contended in this connection that the fact that Bhagyamma had kept totally silent about the sexual assault on her when she had met PW2 soon after she had started living with respondent No. 1 would show that she was a consenting party. This submission is reinforced by contending that Bhagyamma took exception to overtures of respondent No. 1 after she got herself married to respondent No. 2. This would show, according to the learned counsel, that prior to that Bhagyamma had really not objected to the sharing of bed with respondent No.1.
4. We do not, however, agree with the learned counsel, because Bhagyamma being not at all a girl of easy virtue could not have agreed voluntarily to allow respondent No. 1 to sexually assault her, when she ultimately got herself married to respondent No. 2 and that too within 10-15 days of her aforesaid elopement. Her silence about non-reporting to PW2 or, for that matter to PW6, in this regard has to be taken to be either because of fear of reprisal or because of the need felt by Bhagyamma to protect her image.
5. We, therefore, hold that even if Bhagyamma was above 16, respondent No. 1 was guilty of the offence under section 376. As, however, at the relevant time no minimum sentence for offence of rape had been prescribed, which had come to be so done by Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 1983 – the present occurrence having taken place in November, 1982, we are of the view that interest of justice would be met if the sentence of imprisonment undergone, which is said to be about three years, is inflicted as punishment on respondent No. 1 for his offence under section 376.
6. As to the acquittal of respondent No. 2 under section 376, Shri Raghuvir’s argument does not stand on strong footing, because Bhagyamma having married respondent No. 2, her consent can well be presumed even for sexual acts prior to the marriage.
7. In the result, the appeals are partly allowed by setting aside the order of acquittal of respondent No. 1 insofar as his offence under section 376 is concerned for which offence sentence of imprisonment is reduced to the one already undergone. The appeals are dismissed qua respondent No. 2. Both the appellants are on bail. They need not surrender.
