Sri Ram Niwas Todi & Another Vs. Bibi Jabrunnissa and others
EmailAppeal: Civil Appeal No.2276 of 1987
(From the Judgment and Order dated 24-09-1986 of the Patna High Court in Appeal from Decre Nos.596 & 597 of 1979)
(From the Judgment and Order dated 24-09-1986 of the Patna High Court in Appeal from Decre Nos.596 & 597 of 1979)
Petitioner: Sri Ram Niwas Todi & Another
Respondent: Bibi Jabrunnissa and others
Apeal: Civil Appeal No.2276 of 1987
(From the Judgment and Order dated 24-09-1986 of the Patna High Court in Appeal from Decre Nos.596 & 597 of 1979)
(From the Judgment and Order dated 24-09-1986 of the Patna High Court in Appeal from Decre Nos.596 & 597 of 1979)
Judges: MADAN MOHAN PUNCHHI & K. VENKATASWAMI, JJ.
Date of Judgment: Aug 06, 1996
Appearances:
Mr. H.K. Puri, Advocate for the Appellant.
Mr. Mohd. Kazim Sher, Advocate for Mr. P.S. Jha, Advocate for the Respondents.
Head Note:
MUSLIM LAW
Gift
Gift – Oral gift of thatched house along with land appurtenant and subservient thereto and the Respondent was put in possession – Validity of the gift up
Gift
Gift – Oral gift of thatched house along with land appurtenant and subservient thereto and the Respondent was put in possession – Validity of the gift up
Held:
With reference to the High Court holding that gift by Mohamedan would prevail over tenancy laws, the Court observed that it was unnecessary for the High Court to enter into such controversy and putting the tenancy laws at a disadvantage over Muslim personal law.
Held –
JUDGEMENT:
O R D E R
1. Before the Trial Court it was admitted that the suit land measuring 41.5 decimals was homestead land and several houses of phoos (thatch) and tiles were constructed thereon, which were in occupation of the plaintiff-respondent since long, even prior to the gift Ex.1 executed in her favour by her father-in-law. Since the parties were Mohamedans, an oral gift by a father-in-law to his daughter-in-law was permissible but here was one which was written but not registered. It could not, in any event, be said that in presence thereof there was no oral gift. Significantly, it was followed by possession making the gift complete and that is the finding of all the three courts below.
2. The debate before the High Court centered round the erroneous premise that the gifted property was agricultural land to which the provisions of the Bihar Tenancy Act, 1885 as also the Bihar Land Reforms (Fixing of Ceiling Area and Acquisition of Surplus Land) Act got attracted. Even so, taking into account those provisions, the High Court came to the conclusion that the oral gift made by a Mohamedan would prevail over the provisions in the tenancy laws, which required occupancy rights to be transferred by means of a registered deed. We think that it was unnecessary for the High Court entering into such controversy and putting the tenancy laws at a disadvantage over Muslim personal law. Once it stood established that the property in dispute was house-property, which included open spaces of land appurtenant and subservient thereto, to which the plaintiff-respondent was put in possession after an oral gift in her favour, that per se should have been enough to keep her suit decreed rejecting the pleas of the defendants-appellants that the gift was invalid, making the natural heirs of the deceased owner claim it by inheritance.
3. In this view of the matter we affirm the orders of the High Court to the extent to which we agree as to the validity of the gift on its own, denuding its judgment of the discussion on the tenancy laws. The appeal is accordingly dismissed. No costs.
1. Before the Trial Court it was admitted that the suit land measuring 41.5 decimals was homestead land and several houses of phoos (thatch) and tiles were constructed thereon, which were in occupation of the plaintiff-respondent since long, even prior to the gift Ex.1 executed in her favour by her father-in-law. Since the parties were Mohamedans, an oral gift by a father-in-law to his daughter-in-law was permissible but here was one which was written but not registered. It could not, in any event, be said that in presence thereof there was no oral gift. Significantly, it was followed by possession making the gift complete and that is the finding of all the three courts below.
2. The debate before the High Court centered round the erroneous premise that the gifted property was agricultural land to which the provisions of the Bihar Tenancy Act, 1885 as also the Bihar Land Reforms (Fixing of Ceiling Area and Acquisition of Surplus Land) Act got attracted. Even so, taking into account those provisions, the High Court came to the conclusion that the oral gift made by a Mohamedan would prevail over the provisions in the tenancy laws, which required occupancy rights to be transferred by means of a registered deed. We think that it was unnecessary for the High Court entering into such controversy and putting the tenancy laws at a disadvantage over Muslim personal law. Once it stood established that the property in dispute was house-property, which included open spaces of land appurtenant and subservient thereto, to which the plaintiff-respondent was put in possession after an oral gift in her favour, that per se should have been enough to keep her suit decreed rejecting the pleas of the defendants-appellants that the gift was invalid, making the natural heirs of the deceased owner claim it by inheritance.
3. In this view of the matter we affirm the orders of the High Court to the extent to which we agree as to the validity of the gift on its own, denuding its judgment of the discussion on the tenancy laws. The appeal is accordingly dismissed. No costs.
