Laljit Singh & Ors. Vs. State of U.P.
EmailAppeal: Criminal Appeal No. 130 of 1999
Petitioner: Laljit Singh & Ors.
Respondent: State of U.P.
Apeal: Criminal Appeal No. 130 of 1999
Judges: G.B. PATTANAIK, R.P. SETHI & SHIVARAJ V. PATIL, JJ.
Date of Judgment: Jun 04, 2000
Head Note:
CRIMINAL LAW
Evidence Act, 1872
Section 3 – Omissions – Not amounting to contradiction – Effects. Held that such omissions cannot impeach the statement of witness.
(Para 5)
Section 32(1) – Dying declaration – Statement made by one of the deceased – Death occuring the very next day – No detailed account but only brief sketch – Reliability. Held that at such stage, when person is severely injured detailed account is not expected.
(Para 5)
JUDGEMENT:
ORDER
1. The three appellants have been convicted under Sections 302/34 IPC by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Shahjahanpur and sentenced to imprisonment for life. Their sentence and conviction has been upheld in appeal by a Division Bench of Allahabad High Court. The prosecution case in nutshell is that these appellants along with the deceased Chhotey Singh arrived at the scene of occurrence where the prosecution party was going on with the construction of “chhapara” with a labourer, namely, Shri Ram Tehl. It was alleged that the said labourer was originally working under the accused persons and accused persons got infuriated when the prosecution party took the assistance of the said labourer. Arriving at the scene of occurrence with rifles, guns and lathis in their hands, the accused persons started indiscriminately firing and assaulting on account of which four persons belonging to the prosecution party died. Accused Chhotey Singh who was also along with the appellants sustained injuries and died. Out of the four persons who died from the prosecution party three died at the spot, but one of them being severely injured rushed to the police station and gave a report who was examined under Section 161 Cr.P.C. and taken to the hospital and thereafter he died the next day in the hospital.
2. On the basis of the aforesaid information received from the deceased Jaswant Singh, police registered a case and started investigation and, on completion of the investigation, filed the chargesheet and the accused persons stood their trial. On the basis of medical evidence adduced in this case, the learned Sessions Judge came to the conclusion that the four of the members of the prosecution party died on sustaining ante mortem injuries on their person which they received from the rifles and guns as well as lathi blows; that the death of these persons is homicidal was not in challenge in any forum as well as before us. Jaswant Singh’s statement made to the police was treated as a dying declaration under Section 32(1) of the Evidence Act. The said statement read with the evidence of the sole eye-witness – Smt. Krishna (PW-1) has formed the basis of conviction in this case.
3. The learned Sessions Judge relying upon the aforesaid two pieces of materials, came to the conclusion that the prosecution case has been proved beyond reasonable doubt and as such convicted the appellants of the charge under Section 302/34 IPC. On appeal, the High Court also reappreciated the evidence and did not find anything in the cross-examination of Smt. Krishna (PW-1) so as to discard her evidence. The High Court ultimately came to the conclusion that the conviction of the appellants is well merited and does not require any interference.
4. The learned Counsel for the appellants raised two contentions before us in assailing the conviction and sentence – (1) the injuries on accused Chhotey Singh not having been explained by the prosecution, the entire prosecution case must be thrown out on the ground that the manner in which the prosecution witness indicated that incident occurred, is not the true and correct version; and (ii) in view of the inconsistencies between the so-called dying declaration of deceased – Jaswant Singh and the evidence of Smt. Krishna (PW-1) and further in view of the material omissions in the statement of Smt. Krishna in her statement recorded under Section 161 Cr.P.C., the evidence cannot be held to be a reliable one and, therefore, the court committed error in convicting the appellants relying upon the same.
5. In order to appreciate the correctness of the contentions raised, we have been taken through the statement of Jaswant Singh which has been treated to be the dying declaration under Section 32(1) of the Evidence Act as well as the evidence of PW-1 Smt. Krishna, who has given a vivid account as to how the occurrence took place. In the dying declaration Jaswant Singh has given a brief sketch as to how the accused persons arrived at the scene of occurrence and started assaulting the prosecution party. It is not expected at that stage to give a detailed account particularly when the person concerned himself was severely injured and, in fact, died the next day in the hospital on account of such injuries on his person. Coming to the evidence of PW-1, it is no doubt true that there has been certain omissions in her earlier statement given to the police, but those omissions cannot be held to be material omissions amounting to contradiction so as to impeach her version in any manner. On going through the evidence of said Smt. Krishna PW-1, we see no reason to take a different conclusion than the one taken by the learned Sessions Judge and affirmed by the High Court in accepting her version and coming to the conclusion that the prosecution case has been proved beyond reasonable doubt. So far as the argument that the injuries on Chhotey Singh not having been explained, it appears that Smt. Krishna herself in her evidence has indicated that some lathi blows had been given by the prosecution party which possibly explains the injury on deceased Chhotey Singh belonging to the accused party.
6. In the aforesaid premises, we see no legal infirmity with the impugned conviction and sentence requiring our interference. This appeal accordingly fails and is dismissed.
1. The three appellants have been convicted under Sections 302/34 IPC by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Shahjahanpur and sentenced to imprisonment for life. Their sentence and conviction has been upheld in appeal by a Division Bench of Allahabad High Court. The prosecution case in nutshell is that these appellants along with the deceased Chhotey Singh arrived at the scene of occurrence where the prosecution party was going on with the construction of “chhapara” with a labourer, namely, Shri Ram Tehl. It was alleged that the said labourer was originally working under the accused persons and accused persons got infuriated when the prosecution party took the assistance of the said labourer. Arriving at the scene of occurrence with rifles, guns and lathis in their hands, the accused persons started indiscriminately firing and assaulting on account of which four persons belonging to the prosecution party died. Accused Chhotey Singh who was also along with the appellants sustained injuries and died. Out of the four persons who died from the prosecution party three died at the spot, but one of them being severely injured rushed to the police station and gave a report who was examined under Section 161 Cr.P.C. and taken to the hospital and thereafter he died the next day in the hospital.
2. On the basis of the aforesaid information received from the deceased Jaswant Singh, police registered a case and started investigation and, on completion of the investigation, filed the chargesheet and the accused persons stood their trial. On the basis of medical evidence adduced in this case, the learned Sessions Judge came to the conclusion that the four of the members of the prosecution party died on sustaining ante mortem injuries on their person which they received from the rifles and guns as well as lathi blows; that the death of these persons is homicidal was not in challenge in any forum as well as before us. Jaswant Singh’s statement made to the police was treated as a dying declaration under Section 32(1) of the Evidence Act. The said statement read with the evidence of the sole eye-witness – Smt. Krishna (PW-1) has formed the basis of conviction in this case.
3. The learned Sessions Judge relying upon the aforesaid two pieces of materials, came to the conclusion that the prosecution case has been proved beyond reasonable doubt and as such convicted the appellants of the charge under Section 302/34 IPC. On appeal, the High Court also reappreciated the evidence and did not find anything in the cross-examination of Smt. Krishna (PW-1) so as to discard her evidence. The High Court ultimately came to the conclusion that the conviction of the appellants is well merited and does not require any interference.
4. The learned Counsel for the appellants raised two contentions before us in assailing the conviction and sentence – (1) the injuries on accused Chhotey Singh not having been explained by the prosecution, the entire prosecution case must be thrown out on the ground that the manner in which the prosecution witness indicated that incident occurred, is not the true and correct version; and (ii) in view of the inconsistencies between the so-called dying declaration of deceased – Jaswant Singh and the evidence of Smt. Krishna (PW-1) and further in view of the material omissions in the statement of Smt. Krishna in her statement recorded under Section 161 Cr.P.C., the evidence cannot be held to be a reliable one and, therefore, the court committed error in convicting the appellants relying upon the same.
5. In order to appreciate the correctness of the contentions raised, we have been taken through the statement of Jaswant Singh which has been treated to be the dying declaration under Section 32(1) of the Evidence Act as well as the evidence of PW-1 Smt. Krishna, who has given a vivid account as to how the occurrence took place. In the dying declaration Jaswant Singh has given a brief sketch as to how the accused persons arrived at the scene of occurrence and started assaulting the prosecution party. It is not expected at that stage to give a detailed account particularly when the person concerned himself was severely injured and, in fact, died the next day in the hospital on account of such injuries on his person. Coming to the evidence of PW-1, it is no doubt true that there has been certain omissions in her earlier statement given to the police, but those omissions cannot be held to be material omissions amounting to contradiction so as to impeach her version in any manner. On going through the evidence of said Smt. Krishna PW-1, we see no reason to take a different conclusion than the one taken by the learned Sessions Judge and affirmed by the High Court in accepting her version and coming to the conclusion that the prosecution case has been proved beyond reasonable doubt. So far as the argument that the injuries on Chhotey Singh not having been explained, it appears that Smt. Krishna herself in her evidence has indicated that some lathi blows had been given by the prosecution party which possibly explains the injury on deceased Chhotey Singh belonging to the accused party.
6. In the aforesaid premises, we see no legal infirmity with the impugned conviction and sentence requiring our interference. This appeal accordingly fails and is dismissed.
