Coal India Limited & Anr. Vs. Ujjal Transport Agency & Ors.
EmailAppeal: Civil Appeal No. 8703 of 2010
[Arising out of SLP (C) No. 17401/2010]
[From the Judgement and Order dated 09.04.2010 of the High Court of Gauhati in Civil Revision Petition No. 94 of 2010]
[Arising out of SLP (C) No. 17401/2010]
[From the Judgement and Order dated 09.04.2010 of the High Court of Gauhati in Civil Revision Petition No. 94 of 2010]
Petitioner: Coal India Limited & Anr.
Respondent: Ujjal Transport Agency & Ors.
Apeal: Civil Appeal No. 8703 of 2010
[Arising out of SLP (C) No. 17401/2010]
[From the Judgement and Order dated 09.04.2010 of the High Court of Gauhati in Civil Revision Petition No. 94 of 2010]
[Arising out of SLP (C) No. 17401/2010]
[From the Judgement and Order dated 09.04.2010 of the High Court of Gauhati in Civil Revision Petition No. 94 of 2010]
Judges: R.V. Raveendran & H. L. Gokhale, JJ.
Date of Judgment: Oct 21, 2010
Appearances:
Appearances
Mr. Parag P. Tripathi, Senior Advocate, Mr. Gautam Awasthi, Ms. Nimrat Gill, Mr. Achal Sirohi, Mr. Nikhil Jain, Advocates, with him for the Appellant(s).
Mr. Ranjit Kumar, Senior Advocate, Mr. Milon Mukherjee, Mr. Suchit Mohanty, Mr. Chinmoy Pradip Sharma, Mr. Mangaljit Mukherjee, Mr. Ranjan Mukherjee, Mr. S. Bhowmick, Mr. S.C. Ghosh, Advocates, with him for the Respondent(s).
Mr. Parag P. Tripathi, Senior Advocate, Mr. Gautam Awasthi, Ms. Nimrat Gill, Mr. Achal Sirohi, Mr. Nikhil Jain, Advocates, with him for the Appellant(s).
Mr. Ranjit Kumar, Senior Advocate, Mr. Milon Mukherjee, Mr. Suchit Mohanty, Mr. Chinmoy Pradip Sharma, Mr. Mangaljit Mukherjee, Mr. Ranjan Mukherjee, Mr. S. Bhowmick, Mr. S.C. Ghosh, Advocates, with him for the Respondent(s).
Head Note:
ARBITRATION/ LIMITATION
Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996
Section 34(3) – Limitation Act, 1963, Sections 14, 5 – Limitation for filing objections – Initial period is three months – Under proviso, further period of thirty days provided if Court is satisfied that there was sufficient cause – Applicants first filing an appeal on 06.05.2009 in High Court against Award dated 06.02.2009 – On realising mistake, filed original application on 19.10.2009 as courts were closed from 25.09.2009 to 19.10.2009 – Application under Section 5 of Act of 1963 also moved – Appeal taken back – After taking away application under Section 5 of Limitation Act, moved proper application on 03.11.2009 under Section 34(3) – On observation, applicant filed application under Section 14 of Limitation Act on 08.01.2010 – If delay can be condoned and objections are in time as the applicant acted bona fide and pursued the remedy diligently. Held that excluding the period spent in wrong forum and finding that applicant, which is a corporation, acted bona fide the application is in time.
Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996
Section 34(3) – Limitation Act, 1963, Sections 14, 5 – Limitation for filing objections – Initial period is three months – Under proviso, further period of thirty days provided if Court is satisfied that there was sufficient cause – Applicants first filing an appeal on 06.05.2009 in High Court against Award dated 06.02.2009 – On realising mistake, filed original application on 19.10.2009 as courts were closed from 25.09.2009 to 19.10.2009 – Application under Section 5 of Act of 1963 also moved – Appeal taken back – After taking away application under Section 5 of Limitation Act, moved proper application on 03.11.2009 under Section 34(3) – On observation, applicant filed application under Section 14 of Limitation Act on 08.01.2010 – If delay can be condoned and objections are in time as the applicant acted bona fide and pursued the remedy diligently. Held that excluding the period spent in wrong forum and finding that applicant, which is a corporation, acted bona fide the application is in time.
Held:
This Court in M/s. Consolidated Engineering Enterprises v. The Principal Secretary (Irrigation Department) & Ors. [JT 2008 (6) SC 22] held that neither Section 34(3) nor any other provision of the Act excludes the application of Section 14 of Limitation Act, 1963 and the provisions of Section 14 of Limitation Act would apply to applications under Section 34 of the Act. This court held that even where there is jurisdiction for applying Section 14 of Limitation Act, the period of limitation will continue to be three months (subject to extension under the proviso to sub-section (3) of Section 34 of the Act) but in computing the limitation period of three months for the application under Section 34(1) of the Act, the time during which the applicant was prosecuting the matter bonafide and with due diligence before the wrong court will have to be excluded. (Para 3)
The first appellant is a Corporation and it has to act through its Board of Directors and not at the level of individual officers. It is true that the appellants have stated that they became aware that the appeal was not maintainable before the High Court when they came to know about the execution proceedings. The appellants demonstrated their diligence and bona fides by filing the application under Section 34 of the Act on 19.10.2009 itself immediately on reopening of court, without waiting for a formal order of withdrawal of the `appeal’ under Section 34 before the wrong forum. Therefore, it cannot be said that filing of the application under Section 34 of the Act on 19.10.2009 was belated. Further if the period spent before wrong forum is excluded, the application is filed within three months and there is no question of explaining any delay. The filing of an application for condonation under a wrong provision of law will not vitiate the application. In fact though the application for condonation of delay was initially filed under Section 5 of Limitation Act, that was subsequently replaced by an application under Section 34(3) of the Act, and again by an application under Section 34(3) of the Act read with Section 14 of the Limitation Act. (Para 5)
The application under Section 34 of the Act was filed in time, by excluding the time spent before the wrong forum. (Para 6)
Cases Reffered:
1. M/s. Consolidated Engineering Enterprises v. The Principal Secretary (Irrigation Department) & Ors. [JT 2008 (6) SC 22] (Para 3)
JUDGEMENT:
R.V. Raveendran, J.
1. Leave granted. Heard.
2. Certain disputes having arisen between first respondent and appellants, the first respondent filed an application under Section 11 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (‘Act’ for short) and an arbitrator was appointed. The Arbitrator made an Award dated 6.2.2009. The appellants, being under an impression that the proceedings under Section 34 of the Act for setting aside the Award was in the nature of an appeal against the Award, filed an `appeal’ under Section 34 of the Act before the Guwahati High Court on 6.5.2009 (numbered as Arbitration Appeal No.10/2009). On receiving the notice in the execution levied in regard to the Award dated 6.2.2009, the appellants realised that the proceedings under Section 34 of the Act was not by way of an appeal before the High Court, but by way of an original application before the District Court. However, as by then the courts were closed for the ‘Puja Holidays’ between 25.9.2009 and 19.10.2009, the appellants filed the application (A.C.No.512/2009) under Section 34 of the Act before the District Court, Kamrup, Gauhati, for setting aside the said award, on 19.10.2009 when the courts re-opened. Alongwith the said application appellants filed an application under Section 5 of the Limitation Act, 1963 (instead of filing an application under Section 34(3) of the Act) for condonation of the delay in filing the application under Section 34 of the Act. On 29.10.2009, they filed an application before the High Court for withdrawal of the appeal and the High Court permitted them to withdraw the appeal on 30.10.2009 on the ground that it was not maintainable with an observation that the question of condonation of delay will be considered by the District Court, Kamrup before which the application had to be filed. The appellants took back the application for condonation filed under a wrong provision of law (Section 5 of Limitation Act) and filed an application under Section 34(3) of the Act on 3.11.2009. At the hearing of the said application on 21.12.2009, as the court was of the view that application should have been filed under Section 34(3) of the Act read with Section 14 of Limitation Act, the appellants filed yet another application on 8.1.2010 under Section 34(3) of the Act read with Section 14 of the Limitation Act, 1963 for excluding the time spent bonafide in prosecuting the proceedings before the High Court and withdrew the earlier application for condonation of delay. The District Judge, Kamrup by order dated 26.2.2010, dismissed the application for condonation of delay. The appeal filed by the appellants against the said order refusing to condone the delay was rejected by the High Court by the impugned order dated 7.4.2010. The appellants have challenged the said order of the High Court in this appeal by special leave.
3. Section 34 (3) of the Act provides that an application for setting aside an award may not be made after three months from the date of receipt of the arbitral award. The proviso thereto enables the court, if satisfied that the applicant was prevented by sufficient cause, to entertain the application within a further period of thirty days but not thereafter. This Court in M/s. Consolidated Engineering Enterprises v. The Principal Secretary (Irrigation Department) & Ors. [JT 2008 (6) SC 22 : 2008 (7) SCC 169] held that neither Section 34(3) nor any other provision of the Act excludes the application of Section 14 of Limitation Act, 1963 and the provisions of Section 14 of Limitation Act would apply to applications under Section 34 of the Act. This court held that even where there is jurisdiction for applying Section 14 of Limitation Act, the period of limitation will continue to be three months (subject to extension under the proviso to sub-section (3) of Section 34 of the Act) but in computing the limitation period of three months for the application under Section 34(1) of the Act, the time during which the applicant was prosecuting the matter bonafide and with due diligence before the wrong court will have to be excluded.
4. In this case the Award was passed on 6.2.2009. The petition under Section 34 before the District Court was filed on 19.10.2009. The appeal before the wrong forum was filed on 6.5.2009 and withdrawn on 30.10.2009. If the appellants are able to demonstrate that they were bona fide and with due diligence pursuing the remedy before a court without jurisdiction, they will be entitled for exclusion of time from 6.5.2009 to 30.10.2009 (or till 19.10.2009 when they filed the application before the proper forum). If the said period is excluded, it will be seen that the application was filed within three months which is the period of limitation, even without the benefit of extension under the proviso to Section 34(3) of the Act.
5. The question that therefore would arise for consideration is whether the appellants were bona fide and diligently pursuing the remedy before a wrong forum. The first respondent contended that different causes were shown and different explanations were given by the appellants in the application for condonation of delay filed by the appellant before the District Court on 3.11.2009, the subsequent application under Section 34(3) of the Act read with Section 14 of Limitation Act filed on 8.1.2010 and the application dated 29.10.2009 for withdrawal of the appeal filed before the High Court. But a careful examination of these applications shows that there is, in fact, no inconsistency. The first appellant is a Corporation and it has to act through its Board of Directors and not at the level of individual officers. It is true that the appellants have stated that they became aware that the appeal was not maintainable before the High Court when they came to know about the execution proceedings. But thereafter, there was some uncertainty as to whether the application under Section 34 of the Act had to be filed in the District Court only after the withdrawal of `appeal’ under Section 34 of the Act before the High Court, or whether the withdrawal and filing of fresh application under Section 34 of the Act should be simultaneous, or whether to avoid delay, the application under Section 34 of the Act should be filed in the District Court immediately even before the application for withdrawal could be moved before the High Court. In fact the appellants demonstrated their diligence and bona fides by filing the application under Section 34 of the Act on 19.10.2009 itself immediately on reopening of court, without waiting for a formal order of withdrawal of the `appeal’ under Section 34 before the wrong forum. Therefore, it cannot be said that filing of the application under Section 34 of the Act on 19.10.2009 was belated. Further if the period spent before wrong forum is excluded, the application is filed within three months and there is no question of explaining any delay. The filing of an application for condonation under a wrong provision of law will not vitiate the application. In fact though the application for condonation of delay was initially filed under Section 5 of Limitation Act, that was subsequently replaced by an application under Section 34(3) of the Act, and again by an application under Section 34(3) of the Act read with Section 14 of the Limitation Act.
6. We therefore allow this appeal, set aside the judgment dated 9.4.2010 of the High Court affirming the order dated 26.2.2010 of the District Court. We hold that the application under Section 34 of the Act was filed in time, by excluding the time spent before the wrong forum. The District Court, Kamrup shall now consider the application under Section 34 of the Act filed by the appellants on merits, in accordance with law.
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1. Leave granted. Heard.
2. Certain disputes having arisen between first respondent and appellants, the first respondent filed an application under Section 11 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (‘Act’ for short) and an arbitrator was appointed. The Arbitrator made an Award dated 6.2.2009. The appellants, being under an impression that the proceedings under Section 34 of the Act for setting aside the Award was in the nature of an appeal against the Award, filed an `appeal’ under Section 34 of the Act before the Guwahati High Court on 6.5.2009 (numbered as Arbitration Appeal No.10/2009). On receiving the notice in the execution levied in regard to the Award dated 6.2.2009, the appellants realised that the proceedings under Section 34 of the Act was not by way of an appeal before the High Court, but by way of an original application before the District Court. However, as by then the courts were closed for the ‘Puja Holidays’ between 25.9.2009 and 19.10.2009, the appellants filed the application (A.C.No.512/2009) under Section 34 of the Act before the District Court, Kamrup, Gauhati, for setting aside the said award, on 19.10.2009 when the courts re-opened. Alongwith the said application appellants filed an application under Section 5 of the Limitation Act, 1963 (instead of filing an application under Section 34(3) of the Act) for condonation of the delay in filing the application under Section 34 of the Act. On 29.10.2009, they filed an application before the High Court for withdrawal of the appeal and the High Court permitted them to withdraw the appeal on 30.10.2009 on the ground that it was not maintainable with an observation that the question of condonation of delay will be considered by the District Court, Kamrup before which the application had to be filed. The appellants took back the application for condonation filed under a wrong provision of law (Section 5 of Limitation Act) and filed an application under Section 34(3) of the Act on 3.11.2009. At the hearing of the said application on 21.12.2009, as the court was of the view that application should have been filed under Section 34(3) of the Act read with Section 14 of Limitation Act, the appellants filed yet another application on 8.1.2010 under Section 34(3) of the Act read with Section 14 of the Limitation Act, 1963 for excluding the time spent bonafide in prosecuting the proceedings before the High Court and withdrew the earlier application for condonation of delay. The District Judge, Kamrup by order dated 26.2.2010, dismissed the application for condonation of delay. The appeal filed by the appellants against the said order refusing to condone the delay was rejected by the High Court by the impugned order dated 7.4.2010. The appellants have challenged the said order of the High Court in this appeal by special leave.
3. Section 34 (3) of the Act provides that an application for setting aside an award may not be made after three months from the date of receipt of the arbitral award. The proviso thereto enables the court, if satisfied that the applicant was prevented by sufficient cause, to entertain the application within a further period of thirty days but not thereafter. This Court in M/s. Consolidated Engineering Enterprises v. The Principal Secretary (Irrigation Department) & Ors. [JT 2008 (6) SC 22 : 2008 (7) SCC 169] held that neither Section 34(3) nor any other provision of the Act excludes the application of Section 14 of Limitation Act, 1963 and the provisions of Section 14 of Limitation Act would apply to applications under Section 34 of the Act. This court held that even where there is jurisdiction for applying Section 14 of Limitation Act, the period of limitation will continue to be three months (subject to extension under the proviso to sub-section (3) of Section 34 of the Act) but in computing the limitation period of three months for the application under Section 34(1) of the Act, the time during which the applicant was prosecuting the matter bonafide and with due diligence before the wrong court will have to be excluded.
4. In this case the Award was passed on 6.2.2009. The petition under Section 34 before the District Court was filed on 19.10.2009. The appeal before the wrong forum was filed on 6.5.2009 and withdrawn on 30.10.2009. If the appellants are able to demonstrate that they were bona fide and with due diligence pursuing the remedy before a court without jurisdiction, they will be entitled for exclusion of time from 6.5.2009 to 30.10.2009 (or till 19.10.2009 when they filed the application before the proper forum). If the said period is excluded, it will be seen that the application was filed within three months which is the period of limitation, even without the benefit of extension under the proviso to Section 34(3) of the Act.
5. The question that therefore would arise for consideration is whether the appellants were bona fide and diligently pursuing the remedy before a wrong forum. The first respondent contended that different causes were shown and different explanations were given by the appellants in the application for condonation of delay filed by the appellant before the District Court on 3.11.2009, the subsequent application under Section 34(3) of the Act read with Section 14 of Limitation Act filed on 8.1.2010 and the application dated 29.10.2009 for withdrawal of the appeal filed before the High Court. But a careful examination of these applications shows that there is, in fact, no inconsistency. The first appellant is a Corporation and it has to act through its Board of Directors and not at the level of individual officers. It is true that the appellants have stated that they became aware that the appeal was not maintainable before the High Court when they came to know about the execution proceedings. But thereafter, there was some uncertainty as to whether the application under Section 34 of the Act had to be filed in the District Court only after the withdrawal of `appeal’ under Section 34 of the Act before the High Court, or whether the withdrawal and filing of fresh application under Section 34 of the Act should be simultaneous, or whether to avoid delay, the application under Section 34 of the Act should be filed in the District Court immediately even before the application for withdrawal could be moved before the High Court. In fact the appellants demonstrated their diligence and bona fides by filing the application under Section 34 of the Act on 19.10.2009 itself immediately on reopening of court, without waiting for a formal order of withdrawal of the `appeal’ under Section 34 before the wrong forum. Therefore, it cannot be said that filing of the application under Section 34 of the Act on 19.10.2009 was belated. Further if the period spent before wrong forum is excluded, the application is filed within three months and there is no question of explaining any delay. The filing of an application for condonation under a wrong provision of law will not vitiate the application. In fact though the application for condonation of delay was initially filed under Section 5 of Limitation Act, that was subsequently replaced by an application under Section 34(3) of the Act, and again by an application under Section 34(3) of the Act read with Section 14 of the Limitation Act.
6. We therefore allow this appeal, set aside the judgment dated 9.4.2010 of the High Court affirming the order dated 26.2.2010 of the District Court. We hold that the application under Section 34 of the Act was filed in time, by excluding the time spent before the wrong forum. The District Court, Kamrup shall now consider the application under Section 34 of the Act filed by the appellants on merits, in accordance with law.
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