Jagat Singh Vs. State of Punjab
EmailAppeal: Criminal Appeal No. 620 of 1982
WITH
Criminal Appeal No. 621 of 1982
WITH
Criminal Appeal No. 621 of 1982
Petitioner: Jagat Singh
Respondent: State of Punjab
Apeal: Criminal Appeal No. 620 of 1982
WITH
Criminal Appeal No. 621 of 1982
WITH
Criminal Appeal No. 621 of 1982
Judges: K.JAYACHANDRA REDDY & YOGESHWAR DAYAL, JJ.
Date of Judgment: May 13, 1994
Head Note:
CRIMINAL LAW
Indian Penal Code 1860
Sections 148, 302, 303 and 302/149 – Murder – Injuries caused by sharp edged weapons – Eye witness evidence corroborated by medical evidence – Plea of right of private defence – Exception 4 to Section 300 claimed to be attracted – Appeals dismissed.
Held:
Held that the witnesses had given consistent versions and the Courts below have given good reasons for accepting their evidence. The injuries on the accused were simple and we see no force in the plea about being entitled to the right of private defence.
Held that Exception 4 to Section 300 in no manner is attracted and the judgment in Jumman and Others v. The State of Punjab 1957 SCC 469 is not attracted. The appeals were dismissed.
Cases Reffered:
1. Jumman and others v. The State of Punjab, AIR 1957 SC 469.
JUDGEMENT:
K. JAYACHANDRA REDDY, J.:
1. Original accused no.3, Jagat Singh is the appellant in Criminal Appeal No. 620/82 and original accused no. 1 Jalbir Singh and original accused no.2 Avtar Singh are the appellants in Criminal Appeal No. 621/82. These two appeals have been filed against the judgment of the High Court of Punjab & Haryana. These three appellants alongwith three other were tried for offences punishable under Sections 148, 302, 303 and 302/149 I.P.C. The trial court acquitted A-4 to A-6 and convicted the three appellants. The appeals filed by them were dismissed by the High Court.
2. A-1 and A-2 are the residents of Village Samashpur Bet and A-3 is the resident of Village Manewal. There had admittedly been a previous prosecution of all the three appellants and some of the acquitted accused in relation to an offence punishable under Section 365 I.P.C. That offence was committed on 20.11.80 and the deceased Pritam Singh was said to have been abducted by the accused and he also received injuries at their hands. The deceased was said to have been wrongfully confined in the house of A-3 at Village Manewal. there were security proceedings also between the two parties. According to P.W.3, Harkesh Singh, a panchayat consisting of respectable persons was convened to resolved the dispute between the two parties. P.W.3 alongwith P.W.4, Tarlochan Singh, P.W.5 Baljit Singh and others attended the Panchayat. No compromise took place and after the dispersal of the gathering, the deceased, P.Ws. 3 and 4 started on the way back to their houses on different bicycles at about 8.30 P.M. When they reached the place of occurrence in Rahimabad Khurd, all the six accused armed with weapons opened the attack. A-1 and A-2 were armed with Gandasi, A-3 was armed with a Takwa, A-4 was armed with a Sua and the remaining accused were armed with lathis. Gursant Singh, one of the acquitted accused gave a lalkara for catching hold of Pritam Singh. Thereupon A-2 gave a blow with his Gandasi on the head of the deceased as a result of which he fell down. Then A-1 with his Gandasi and A-3 with his Takwa gave blows on the left side of the body of the deceased. A-4 gave a blow with the Sua in the abdomen of the deceased. According to the prosecution the deceased who was also carrying a Gandasi gave some blows to A-1 and A-2 after having fallen down. P.W.3 raised an alarm and A-1 gave a blow with the blunt side of the Gandasi on his right eye and A-6 dealt a blow with a Lathi on P.W.4. P.Ws. 3 and 4 leaving their bicycles ran away and they brought one Ranjit Singh resident of Village Manewal to the place of occurrence. They found that the deceased was dead. P.W. 4 and others remained with the dead body. P.W. 3 went and gave a report to S.I. of Police, P.W. 7. A case was registered and the investigation was taken up. S.I. proceeded to the place of occurrence and got P.W. 3 medically examined and after inquest the death body was sent for post-mortem. P.W. 1, the Doctor, who conducted the post-mortem found 10 injuries out of which injuries nos. 1,5,9 and 10 were incised injuries. On internal examination the Doctor found injuries to spleen and left kidney and injury no. 9 was opined to be sufficient in the ordinary course of nature to cause death P.W.1 also examined P.W.3 on whom he found one abrasion on the right side of the eye-brow. The same Doctor also examined P.W.4 and on him he found a red-coloured bruise on the left shoulder and a lacerated wound on the right thigh. The accused were arrested and after completion of the investigation, the charge-sheet was filed. The prosecution mainly relied on the evidence of the two injured eye-witnesses P.Ws. 3 and 4 and the medical evidence. the trial court acquitted Gursant Singh as only a lalkara was attributed to him. It acquitted Ranjit Singh as no act was attributed to him. As regards A-4, Hoshiar Singh who was alleged to have been armed with a Sua and who inflicted an injury in the abdomen of the deceased, the trial court by a somewhat strained reasoning acquitted him observing that injury no. 5 which was on the adbomen could not have been caused by a Sua as per the medical evidence. So far as the three appellants are concerned, the trial court accepted the evidence of P.Ws. 3 and 4 inasmuch as specific overt acts had been attributed to them and convicted them. The State did not prefer any appeal. The High Court confirmed the convictions as mentioned above.
3. Learned counsel for the appellants submitted that injury no. 5 was a serious injury and that was attributed to A-4 and yet A-4 was acquitted and that there remains only three incised injuries and the appellants cannot be held to have inflicted those injuries. It is also submitted that the bicycles were not recovered and it was night time and the identification of the appellants by these witnesses is not free from doubt. We see no force in these submissions. As ready held there are 14 injuries. No doubt most of them are abrasions but some of them are linear abrasions of considerable size and the doctor opined that these injuries could be caused by a sharp-edged weapon. As a matter of fact, the F.I.R. was given promptly and in that specific overt acts have been attributed to A-1 to A-3 namely the appellants. Both the witnesses have given consistent versions and both the courts below have discussed the evidence of P.Ws. 3 and 4 threadbare and have given good reasons for accepting their evidence. So far acquittal of A-4, Hoshiar Singh is concerned, the reasons given by the trial court are not altogether sound but the fact remains that no appeal against acquittal has been filed. But the Acquittal of A-4, the whom specific overt acts are attributed, does not in any way affect the case against the convicted accused.
4. The main submission of the learned counsel is that the two convicted persons A-1 and A-2 had injuries and the prosecution has not properly explained and the versions of P.Ws. 3 and 4 that the deceased who had a gandasi inflicted injuries on these two accused after he fell down, is artificial and a false explanation. therefore, according to the learned counsel, a true account of the genesis of the occurrence has not been put forward by the prosecution.
5. P.W. 1, the Doctor, who examined Jalbir Singh, A-1 found on him one lacerated wound on the inner side of the left middle finger muscle deep and a lacerated wound on the back of middle inter-phalangeal joint of left middle finger which was only skin deep and a small abrasion on the upper lid of the left eye. P.W.1
found on A-2, Avtar Singh a lacerated wound on the right side of scalp about 2″ x 1/3 x scalp deep. From these injuries it can be seen that they are very simple. No doubt the single injury on A-2 was on the head but that was also a simple and a small injury. In the F.I.R. as well as in the present evidence of the eye-witnesses, it is mentioned consistently that the deceased after he had fallen, wielded his Gandasi. Therefore it cannot be said that they have not been explained. Learned counsel, however, submits that this explanation is false and the accused are entitled to right of private defence and even though they have not pleaded, yet in the circumstances the benefit of the Exception should go to them and at the most they can be held to have exceeded that right. We see no force in this submission. As already noted the injuries on these two accused are very minor and even if the prosecution has failed to explain such injuries that by itself is not enough to reject the prosecution case as untrue. We may incidentally mention here that there is not a whisper on the side of the accused as to how they happened to receive the injuries. No doubt the burden is not on them but in appreciating the facts of the case, that aspect also has to be borne in mind. Even otherwise a number of injuries found on the deceased would go to show that these three accused mercilessly assaulted the deceased and inflicted serious injuries.
6. Learned counsel feebly contended that it was a sudden fight due to a quarrel and therefore Exception 4 to Section 300 also is attracted. In this context he also relied on the judgment of this Court in Jumman and Others v. The State of Punjab AIR 1957 SC 469. There is absolutely no basis for this submission. It was only after panchayat was over that the deceased and P.Ws. 3 and 4 were going to he Village and they were waylaid and attacked. Therefore Exception 4 to Section 300 in no manner is attracted. Accordingly these appeals are dismissed.
1. Original accused no.3, Jagat Singh is the appellant in Criminal Appeal No. 620/82 and original accused no. 1 Jalbir Singh and original accused no.2 Avtar Singh are the appellants in Criminal Appeal No. 621/82. These two appeals have been filed against the judgment of the High Court of Punjab & Haryana. These three appellants alongwith three other were tried for offences punishable under Sections 148, 302, 303 and 302/149 I.P.C. The trial court acquitted A-4 to A-6 and convicted the three appellants. The appeals filed by them were dismissed by the High Court.
2. A-1 and A-2 are the residents of Village Samashpur Bet and A-3 is the resident of Village Manewal. There had admittedly been a previous prosecution of all the three appellants and some of the acquitted accused in relation to an offence punishable under Section 365 I.P.C. That offence was committed on 20.11.80 and the deceased Pritam Singh was said to have been abducted by the accused and he also received injuries at their hands. The deceased was said to have been wrongfully confined in the house of A-3 at Village Manewal. there were security proceedings also between the two parties. According to P.W.3, Harkesh Singh, a panchayat consisting of respectable persons was convened to resolved the dispute between the two parties. P.W.3 alongwith P.W.4, Tarlochan Singh, P.W.5 Baljit Singh and others attended the Panchayat. No compromise took place and after the dispersal of the gathering, the deceased, P.Ws. 3 and 4 started on the way back to their houses on different bicycles at about 8.30 P.M. When they reached the place of occurrence in Rahimabad Khurd, all the six accused armed with weapons opened the attack. A-1 and A-2 were armed with Gandasi, A-3 was armed with a Takwa, A-4 was armed with a Sua and the remaining accused were armed with lathis. Gursant Singh, one of the acquitted accused gave a lalkara for catching hold of Pritam Singh. Thereupon A-2 gave a blow with his Gandasi on the head of the deceased as a result of which he fell down. Then A-1 with his Gandasi and A-3 with his Takwa gave blows on the left side of the body of the deceased. A-4 gave a blow with the Sua in the abdomen of the deceased. According to the prosecution the deceased who was also carrying a Gandasi gave some blows to A-1 and A-2 after having fallen down. P.W.3 raised an alarm and A-1 gave a blow with the blunt side of the Gandasi on his right eye and A-6 dealt a blow with a Lathi on P.W.4. P.Ws. 3 and 4 leaving their bicycles ran away and they brought one Ranjit Singh resident of Village Manewal to the place of occurrence. They found that the deceased was dead. P.W. 4 and others remained with the dead body. P.W. 3 went and gave a report to S.I. of Police, P.W. 7. A case was registered and the investigation was taken up. S.I. proceeded to the place of occurrence and got P.W. 3 medically examined and after inquest the death body was sent for post-mortem. P.W. 1, the Doctor, who conducted the post-mortem found 10 injuries out of which injuries nos. 1,5,9 and 10 were incised injuries. On internal examination the Doctor found injuries to spleen and left kidney and injury no. 9 was opined to be sufficient in the ordinary course of nature to cause death P.W.1 also examined P.W.3 on whom he found one abrasion on the right side of the eye-brow. The same Doctor also examined P.W.4 and on him he found a red-coloured bruise on the left shoulder and a lacerated wound on the right thigh. The accused were arrested and after completion of the investigation, the charge-sheet was filed. The prosecution mainly relied on the evidence of the two injured eye-witnesses P.Ws. 3 and 4 and the medical evidence. the trial court acquitted Gursant Singh as only a lalkara was attributed to him. It acquitted Ranjit Singh as no act was attributed to him. As regards A-4, Hoshiar Singh who was alleged to have been armed with a Sua and who inflicted an injury in the abdomen of the deceased, the trial court by a somewhat strained reasoning acquitted him observing that injury no. 5 which was on the adbomen could not have been caused by a Sua as per the medical evidence. So far as the three appellants are concerned, the trial court accepted the evidence of P.Ws. 3 and 4 inasmuch as specific overt acts had been attributed to them and convicted them. The State did not prefer any appeal. The High Court confirmed the convictions as mentioned above.
3. Learned counsel for the appellants submitted that injury no. 5 was a serious injury and that was attributed to A-4 and yet A-4 was acquitted and that there remains only three incised injuries and the appellants cannot be held to have inflicted those injuries. It is also submitted that the bicycles were not recovered and it was night time and the identification of the appellants by these witnesses is not free from doubt. We see no force in these submissions. As ready held there are 14 injuries. No doubt most of them are abrasions but some of them are linear abrasions of considerable size and the doctor opined that these injuries could be caused by a sharp-edged weapon. As a matter of fact, the F.I.R. was given promptly and in that specific overt acts have been attributed to A-1 to A-3 namely the appellants. Both the witnesses have given consistent versions and both the courts below have discussed the evidence of P.Ws. 3 and 4 threadbare and have given good reasons for accepting their evidence. So far acquittal of A-4, Hoshiar Singh is concerned, the reasons given by the trial court are not altogether sound but the fact remains that no appeal against acquittal has been filed. But the Acquittal of A-4, the whom specific overt acts are attributed, does not in any way affect the case against the convicted accused.
4. The main submission of the learned counsel is that the two convicted persons A-1 and A-2 had injuries and the prosecution has not properly explained and the versions of P.Ws. 3 and 4 that the deceased who had a gandasi inflicted injuries on these two accused after he fell down, is artificial and a false explanation. therefore, according to the learned counsel, a true account of the genesis of the occurrence has not been put forward by the prosecution.
5. P.W. 1, the Doctor, who examined Jalbir Singh, A-1 found on him one lacerated wound on the inner side of the left middle finger muscle deep and a lacerated wound on the back of middle inter-phalangeal joint of left middle finger which was only skin deep and a small abrasion on the upper lid of the left eye. P.W.1
found on A-2, Avtar Singh a lacerated wound on the right side of scalp about 2″ x 1/3 x scalp deep. From these injuries it can be seen that they are very simple. No doubt the single injury on A-2 was on the head but that was also a simple and a small injury. In the F.I.R. as well as in the present evidence of the eye-witnesses, it is mentioned consistently that the deceased after he had fallen, wielded his Gandasi. Therefore it cannot be said that they have not been explained. Learned counsel, however, submits that this explanation is false and the accused are entitled to right of private defence and even though they have not pleaded, yet in the circumstances the benefit of the Exception should go to them and at the most they can be held to have exceeded that right. We see no force in this submission. As already noted the injuries on these two accused are very minor and even if the prosecution has failed to explain such injuries that by itself is not enough to reject the prosecution case as untrue. We may incidentally mention here that there is not a whisper on the side of the accused as to how they happened to receive the injuries. No doubt the burden is not on them but in appreciating the facts of the case, that aspect also has to be borne in mind. Even otherwise a number of injuries found on the deceased would go to show that these three accused mercilessly assaulted the deceased and inflicted serious injuries.
6. Learned counsel feebly contended that it was a sudden fight due to a quarrel and therefore Exception 4 to Section 300 also is attracted. In this context he also relied on the judgment of this Court in Jumman and Others v. The State of Punjab AIR 1957 SC 469. There is absolutely no basis for this submission. It was only after panchayat was over that the deceased and P.Ws. 3 and 4 were going to he Village and they were waylaid and attacked. Therefore Exception 4 to Section 300 in no manner is attracted. Accordingly these appeals are dismissed.
