Karnataka Power Transmission Corporation Ltd. & Anr. Vs. The Amalgamated Elec. Co. Ltd. & Ors.
EmailAppeal: Civil Appeal Nos. 1808-10 of 2000
(From the Judgment and Order dated 4.09.1997 of the High Court of Karnataka at Bangalore in Writ Appeal Nos. 3218, 3804 and 3805 of 1997)
(From the Judgment and Order dated 4.09.1997 of the High Court of Karnataka at Bangalore in Writ Appeal Nos. 3218, 3804 and 3805 of 1997)
Petitioner: Karnataka Power Transmission Corporation Ltd. & Anr.
Respondent: The Amalgamated Elec. Co. Ltd. & Ors.
Apeal: Civil Appeal Nos. 1808-10 of 2000
(From the Judgment and Order dated 4.09.1997 of the High Court of Karnataka at Bangalore in Writ Appeal Nos. 3218, 3804 and 3805 of 1997)
(From the Judgment and Order dated 4.09.1997 of the High Court of Karnataka at Bangalore in Writ Appeal Nos. 3218, 3804 and 3805 of 1997)
Judges: S. RAJENDRA BABU & K.G. BALAKRISHNAN, JJ.
Date of Judgment: Dec 15, 2000
Appearances:
Mr. Kumar, Mr. Ram Apte, Ms. S.K. Kulkarni, Ms. Sangeeta, Mr. Sunil Dogra, Ms. Monica Sharma, M/s. S.A. Shroff & Co., Mr. Sunil Kumar Verma, Mr. S.M. Jadhav, Ms. Sayali Pathak, Mr. Manu Nair, Advocates for the appearing parties.
Head Note:
LABOUR AND INDUSTRIAL LAWS
Industrial Disputes Act, 1947
a) Sections 10 and 25F and 25FF – Industrial dispute – Reference to Tribunal – Applicability of the principle of res judicata – Man-agement stating that the workers had resorted to strike – Workers on the other hand, contending that the Management had declared a lock out – Matter referred to Tribunal – Tribunal holding that there was no lock out by Management – Subsequently dispute arising between Management and the workers regarding reinstatement of workers – Second reference to Tribunal – Whether maintainable – Whether such reference barred by res judicata. Held, res judicata has no application. Second reference warranted in view of the stand of the Management that the workers in question were not entitled to join duty. (Para 4 and 5)
b) Reinstatement of workers – Management of industrial undertaking taken over by Government – Effect – Industrial dispute between the respondent-Company engaged in power generation and its work-ers – During pendency of dispute respondent-Company taken over by the State Electricity Board – Tribunal passing Award in favour of workmen directing their reinstatement – Whether successor-in-in-terest bound to reinstate the workers. Held, if the respondent-Company had not been taken over then it would have been legally bound by the Award. Therefore, the successor-in-interest is bound to reinstate the workers in terms of the Award passed by the Tribunal.
Held:
When the Karnataka Electricity Board took over the Management of the Amalgamated Electricity Company, these workers made them-selves available for work, but they were not allowed to join duty by the Karnataka Electricity Board. The entire assets and liabil-ities of the Amalgamated Electricity Company were taken over by the Karnataka Electricity Board. Even as per Section 25 FF of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, where the ownership or Management of an undertaking is transferred, whether by agreement or by operation of law, from the employer in relation to that undertak-ing to a new employer, every workmen who has been in continuous service for not less than one year in that undertaking immediate-ly before such transfer shall be entitled to notice and compensa-tion in accordance with the provisions of Section 25 F thereof. These workers were not paid any such compensation as per Section 25 F. Their services should be deemed to have not been interrupt-ed by such transfer. Had the Amalgamated Electricity Company Ltd. been functioning in Belgaum, the said Company would have been legally bound to engage these workers as their workmen by virtue of the Award passed by the Tribunal. The Karnataka Electricity Board being the successor-in-interest is bound to reinstate these workers as per the Award passed by the Tribunal. (Para 7)
JUDGEMENT:
K.G. BALAKRISHNAN, J.
1. Decision of the Karnataka High Court is challenged in these appeals. The first respondent the amalgamated Electricity Company Ltd., was engaged in supply of electricity in Belgaum city. In the year 1971, there arose some labour dispute. According to the workmen the Company declared a lock out, whereas the Management of the first respondent-Company contended that some the workers had re-sorted to strike and refused to come for work. By the end of December, 1971, the Management of the first respondent-Company started the business with about 65 workmen and the other workers were not allowed to join duty. The first respondent-Company contended that these workers were offered employment, but they refused to join duty. Disputes relating to these issues were referred to the Industrial Tribunal and in I.D.No. 11/71, the Industrial Tribunal, Bangalore, passed an Award on 17.2.1987 and it was held that there was no lock out declared by the first respondent-Company. Meanwhile, on 18.12.1974, pursuant to the Karnataka Electricity Undertaking (Acquisition) Act, 1974 the Management of the first respondent, Amalgamated Electricity Company Ltd., was taken over by the Karnataka Electricity Board whereby all the assets and liabilities of the Amalgamated Elec-tricity Company Ltd. vested with the Karnataka Electricity Board. According to the workmen, 29 employees offered themselves to work with the Karnataka Electricity Board, but they were not allowed to work. The appellant, Karnataka Electricity Board contended that these workers could not be allowed to join duty in view of the then pending Industrial Dispute. After the passing of the award in I.D. No.11/71, the workmen again made a demand that they must be permitted to join duty in the Karnataka Electricity Board. However, the workmen were not allowed to join duty and in view of the demand made by the workers, a fresh Reference was made as to whether the Management of M/s Amalgamated Electricity Company Ltd., Belgaum and the Karnataka Electricity Board, were justified in refusing employment to the 29 workmen named therein, with effect from 25.3.1971. The Industrial Tribunal at Hubli passed its Award on 6.3.1991. It held that except one worker, K.S.Shinde, who was in gainful employment elsewhere, all other workers were entitled to reinstatement and 50% of the back wages from 7.10.1978 till their reinstatement.
2. The Award of the Industrial Tribunal was challenged before the High Court and the learned Single Judge refused to interfere with the Award. In an appeal filed against the judgment of the learned Single Judge, the Division Bench also refused to interfere with the Award passed by the Tribunal. Hence these appeals.
3. We heard the learned Counsel for the appellant, Karnataka Electricity Board and also the Counsel for the first respondent-Company. Learned Counsel for the appellant contended that in view of the earlier Reference, namely, I.D. 11/71, the Second Refer-ence was wholly unnecessary and as it was on the same subject matter, the general principles of res judicata would apply. Therefore, he contended that the Award passed in I.D. 32/86 is not enforceable in law. The 29 workers were admittedly the work-ers of the Amalgamated Electricity Company Ltd., which was en-gaged in the supply of electricity in Belgaum. The Counsel for the appellant contended that there was an illegal strike and despite the offer made by the appellant, the workers refused to join duty. The learned Counsel for the workmen, on the other hand, contended that there was an illegal lock out and in spite of the fact that these workers were willing to work, they were denied employment from 25.3.1971 onwards.
4. In the Reference under I.D.No. 11/71, the dispute was whether there was a lock out or not by the first respondent-Company and it was held that there was no lock out as alleged by the workmen. It may be noted that the workmen were not allowed to work right from 25.3.1971. Some of the workers were transferred and some of them are alleged to have been dismissed from service. Therefore, the dispute continued, and in the Second Reference, i.e. in I.D. 32/86, the question for consideration was whether the Amalgamated Electricity Company or its successor-in-interest, Karnataka Electricity Board, was justified in refusing employment to the workmen.
5. We do not think that the subsequent Reference under I.D. 32/86 had anything to do with the earlier Reference made as I.D. 11/71. The Second Reference was warranted in view of the stand taken by the Amalgamated Electricity Company and the Karnataka Electricity Board that these workmen were not entitled to join duty. There-fore, we do not think that the principles of res judicata have got any application in the instant case.
6. It was further contended that there was a delay of several years in raising the dispute and, therefore, the Tribunal should not have directed reinstatement of all these workers. It was also contended that at the time of acquisition and taking over of the Management of the Amalgamated Electricity Company, these workmen were not the workers of the Amalgamated Electricity Company and, therefore, the Karnataka Electricity Board has no legal obliga-tion to reinstate them in service.
7. It is true that these workmen were not working in the Amalga-mated Company at the time when the Management of the Company was taken over on 18.12.1974 as they were illegally denied employ-ment. Nevertheless, the Company was legally bound to reinstate these workers as early as from 25.3.1971. The Award of the Trib-unal shows that they were illegally denied employment with effect from 25.03.1971. When the Karnataka Electricity Board took over the Management of the Amalgamated Electricity Company, these workers made themselves available for work, but they were not allowed to join duty by the Karnataka Electricity Board. The entire assets and liabilities of the Amalgamated Electricity Company were taken over by the Karnataka Electricity Board. Even as per Section 25 FF of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, where the ownership or Management of an undertaking is transferred, whether by agreement or by operation of law, from the employer in relation to that undertaking to a new employer, every workmen who has been in continuous service for not less than one year in that undertaking immediately before such transfer shall be entitled to notice and compensation in accordance with the provisions of Section 25 F thereof. These workers were not paid any such com-pensation as per Section 25 F. Their services should be deemed to have not been interrupted by such transfer. Had the Amalgamated Electricity Company Ltd. been functioning in Belgaum, the said Company would have been legally bound to engage these workers as their workmen by virtue of the Award passed by the Tribunal. The Karnataka Electricity Board being the successor-in-interest is bound to reinstate these workers as per the Award passed by the Tribunal.
8. In the instant case, the workmen sought reference of the dispute long after it arose between the parties. Therefore, the appellant-Karnataka Electricity Board contended that the workers should not be allowed back wages. It was also pointed out that this Court in similar cases had even awarded back wages only upto 25%. In the instant case, the back wages have been directed to be paid from 7.10.1978 till the date of reinstatement. Many of the employees have now crossed the age of superannuation and only few remain to be reinstated. Having regard to the facts and circum-stances of the case, payment of 40% of back wages would meet the ends of justice. We are told that out of 29 workers, 8 persons have died. One K.S.Shinde, S. No. 28 in the statement showing the service particulars of the respondent-workmen, was in gainful employment and held not entitled to get the back wages.
9. Having regard to these facts, we direct the appellant, Krana-taka Electricity Board to reinstate M.Y.Lohar (S.No. 8); P.P.Karadi (S.No. 10); K.S.Khade (S.No. 14); K.B. Chavan (S.No. 18); Prakash J. Naik (S.No. 19); P.P.Patil (S.No.20); B.S. Tam-hankar (S.No.21) and Pratap P.Jamadar (S.No.22) in service within a period of one month. In the case of P.F. Gawali (S.No. 23) the claim for reinstatement is not pressed. The appellant, Karnataka Electricity Board is also directed to give back wages to these employees at the rate of 40% from 7.10.1978 till their reinstate-ment.
10. Out of the 29 workers many of them have either retired or died. We direct that legal representatives of the deceased workers are entitled to get backwages till the respective dates of death of the de-ceased workers. The workmen who have retired shall be entitled to get backwages from 7.10.1978 till the notional date of their retirement.
11. The appeals are dismissed accordingly with no order as to costs.
1. Decision of the Karnataka High Court is challenged in these appeals. The first respondent the amalgamated Electricity Company Ltd., was engaged in supply of electricity in Belgaum city. In the year 1971, there arose some labour dispute. According to the workmen the Company declared a lock out, whereas the Management of the first respondent-Company contended that some the workers had re-sorted to strike and refused to come for work. By the end of December, 1971, the Management of the first respondent-Company started the business with about 65 workmen and the other workers were not allowed to join duty. The first respondent-Company contended that these workers were offered employment, but they refused to join duty. Disputes relating to these issues were referred to the Industrial Tribunal and in I.D.No. 11/71, the Industrial Tribunal, Bangalore, passed an Award on 17.2.1987 and it was held that there was no lock out declared by the first respondent-Company. Meanwhile, on 18.12.1974, pursuant to the Karnataka Electricity Undertaking (Acquisition) Act, 1974 the Management of the first respondent, Amalgamated Electricity Company Ltd., was taken over by the Karnataka Electricity Board whereby all the assets and liabilities of the Amalgamated Elec-tricity Company Ltd. vested with the Karnataka Electricity Board. According to the workmen, 29 employees offered themselves to work with the Karnataka Electricity Board, but they were not allowed to work. The appellant, Karnataka Electricity Board contended that these workers could not be allowed to join duty in view of the then pending Industrial Dispute. After the passing of the award in I.D. No.11/71, the workmen again made a demand that they must be permitted to join duty in the Karnataka Electricity Board. However, the workmen were not allowed to join duty and in view of the demand made by the workers, a fresh Reference was made as to whether the Management of M/s Amalgamated Electricity Company Ltd., Belgaum and the Karnataka Electricity Board, were justified in refusing employment to the 29 workmen named therein, with effect from 25.3.1971. The Industrial Tribunal at Hubli passed its Award on 6.3.1991. It held that except one worker, K.S.Shinde, who was in gainful employment elsewhere, all other workers were entitled to reinstatement and 50% of the back wages from 7.10.1978 till their reinstatement.
2. The Award of the Industrial Tribunal was challenged before the High Court and the learned Single Judge refused to interfere with the Award. In an appeal filed against the judgment of the learned Single Judge, the Division Bench also refused to interfere with the Award passed by the Tribunal. Hence these appeals.
3. We heard the learned Counsel for the appellant, Karnataka Electricity Board and also the Counsel for the first respondent-Company. Learned Counsel for the appellant contended that in view of the earlier Reference, namely, I.D. 11/71, the Second Refer-ence was wholly unnecessary and as it was on the same subject matter, the general principles of res judicata would apply. Therefore, he contended that the Award passed in I.D. 32/86 is not enforceable in law. The 29 workers were admittedly the work-ers of the Amalgamated Electricity Company Ltd., which was en-gaged in the supply of electricity in Belgaum. The Counsel for the appellant contended that there was an illegal strike and despite the offer made by the appellant, the workers refused to join duty. The learned Counsel for the workmen, on the other hand, contended that there was an illegal lock out and in spite of the fact that these workers were willing to work, they were denied employment from 25.3.1971 onwards.
4. In the Reference under I.D.No. 11/71, the dispute was whether there was a lock out or not by the first respondent-Company and it was held that there was no lock out as alleged by the workmen. It may be noted that the workmen were not allowed to work right from 25.3.1971. Some of the workers were transferred and some of them are alleged to have been dismissed from service. Therefore, the dispute continued, and in the Second Reference, i.e. in I.D. 32/86, the question for consideration was whether the Amalgamated Electricity Company or its successor-in-interest, Karnataka Electricity Board, was justified in refusing employment to the workmen.
5. We do not think that the subsequent Reference under I.D. 32/86 had anything to do with the earlier Reference made as I.D. 11/71. The Second Reference was warranted in view of the stand taken by the Amalgamated Electricity Company and the Karnataka Electricity Board that these workmen were not entitled to join duty. There-fore, we do not think that the principles of res judicata have got any application in the instant case.
6. It was further contended that there was a delay of several years in raising the dispute and, therefore, the Tribunal should not have directed reinstatement of all these workers. It was also contended that at the time of acquisition and taking over of the Management of the Amalgamated Electricity Company, these workmen were not the workers of the Amalgamated Electricity Company and, therefore, the Karnataka Electricity Board has no legal obliga-tion to reinstate them in service.
7. It is true that these workmen were not working in the Amalga-mated Company at the time when the Management of the Company was taken over on 18.12.1974 as they were illegally denied employ-ment. Nevertheless, the Company was legally bound to reinstate these workers as early as from 25.3.1971. The Award of the Trib-unal shows that they were illegally denied employment with effect from 25.03.1971. When the Karnataka Electricity Board took over the Management of the Amalgamated Electricity Company, these workers made themselves available for work, but they were not allowed to join duty by the Karnataka Electricity Board. The entire assets and liabilities of the Amalgamated Electricity Company were taken over by the Karnataka Electricity Board. Even as per Section 25 FF of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, where the ownership or Management of an undertaking is transferred, whether by agreement or by operation of law, from the employer in relation to that undertaking to a new employer, every workmen who has been in continuous service for not less than one year in that undertaking immediately before such transfer shall be entitled to notice and compensation in accordance with the provisions of Section 25 F thereof. These workers were not paid any such com-pensation as per Section 25 F. Their services should be deemed to have not been interrupted by such transfer. Had the Amalgamated Electricity Company Ltd. been functioning in Belgaum, the said Company would have been legally bound to engage these workers as their workmen by virtue of the Award passed by the Tribunal. The Karnataka Electricity Board being the successor-in-interest is bound to reinstate these workers as per the Award passed by the Tribunal.
8. In the instant case, the workmen sought reference of the dispute long after it arose between the parties. Therefore, the appellant-Karnataka Electricity Board contended that the workers should not be allowed back wages. It was also pointed out that this Court in similar cases had even awarded back wages only upto 25%. In the instant case, the back wages have been directed to be paid from 7.10.1978 till the date of reinstatement. Many of the employees have now crossed the age of superannuation and only few remain to be reinstated. Having regard to the facts and circum-stances of the case, payment of 40% of back wages would meet the ends of justice. We are told that out of 29 workers, 8 persons have died. One K.S.Shinde, S. No. 28 in the statement showing the service particulars of the respondent-workmen, was in gainful employment and held not entitled to get the back wages.
9. Having regard to these facts, we direct the appellant, Krana-taka Electricity Board to reinstate M.Y.Lohar (S.No. 8); P.P.Karadi (S.No. 10); K.S.Khade (S.No. 14); K.B. Chavan (S.No. 18); Prakash J. Naik (S.No. 19); P.P.Patil (S.No.20); B.S. Tam-hankar (S.No.21) and Pratap P.Jamadar (S.No.22) in service within a period of one month. In the case of P.F. Gawali (S.No. 23) the claim for reinstatement is not pressed. The appellant, Karnataka Electricity Board is also directed to give back wages to these employees at the rate of 40% from 7.10.1978 till their reinstate-ment.
10. Out of the 29 workers many of them have either retired or died. We direct that legal representatives of the deceased workers are entitled to get backwages till the respective dates of death of the de-ceased workers. The workmen who have retired shall be entitled to get backwages from 7.10.1978 till the notional date of their retirement.
11. The appeals are dismissed accordingly with no order as to costs.
