Arun Kumar Yadav Vs. State of U.P. Thru Dist. Judge
EmailAppeal: Criminal Appeal No. 1430 of 2010
[From the Judgement and Order dated 17.08.2007 of the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in Criminal Contempt No. 13 of 2006]
[From the Judgement and Order dated 17.08.2007 of the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in Criminal Contempt No. 13 of 2006]
Petitioner: Arun Kumar Yadav
Respondent: State of U.P. Thru Dist. Judge
Apeal: Criminal Appeal No. 1430 of 2010
[From the Judgement and Order dated 17.08.2007 of the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in Criminal Contempt No. 13 of 2006]
[From the Judgement and Order dated 17.08.2007 of the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in Criminal Contempt No. 13 of 2006]
Judges: Dr. B.S. Chauhan & Dipak Misra, JJ.
Date of Judgment: May 29, 2013
Appearances:
Appearances
Mr. T.N. Saxena, Ms. Jyoti Saxena, Mr. M.P. Shorawala, Advocates, for the Appellant.
Mr. T.N. Saxena, Ms. Jyoti Saxena, Mr. M.P. Shorawala, Advocates, for the Appellant.
Head Note:
CONTEMPT OF COURTS
Contempt of Courts Act, 1971
Section 12 – Appellant a counsel, threatening/using unparliamentary language for a judicial officer when the Judge was in the midst of the dictation of the order to his stenographer in another case – Contempt petition filed – High Court found him guilty and sentenced him to suffer simple imprisonment for one month – Appellant tendering unconditional apology. Held both bar and bench must maintain decorum of the Court. Judicial proceeding has its own sanctity and nobody is allowed to sully the same. Conviction maintained.
Contempt of Courts Act, 1971
Section 12 – Appellant a counsel, threatening/using unparliamentary language for a judicial officer when the Judge was in the midst of the dictation of the order to his stenographer in another case – Contempt petition filed – High Court found him guilty and sentenced him to suffer simple imprisonment for one month – Appellant tendering unconditional apology. Held both bar and bench must maintain decorum of the Court. Judicial proceeding has its own sanctity and nobody is allowed to sully the same. Conviction maintained.
Contempt of Court – Threatening/ abusing Civil Judge in Court – Contempt petition filed – Tendering of unconditional apology – Whether Court should accept it and should take lenient view – Apology not prompt and genuine. Held mercy cannot always be granted to counsel, in a Court of law. Dignity of Courts cannot be marred by errant behaviour of counsel.
Held:
It has been reiterated by this Court time and again that the Bar and the Bench are required to maintain the decorum of the Court, for Court is the temple of justice for all. No one has the authority to conduct in a manner which would demean and disgrace the majesty of justice which is dispensed by a court of law. The administration of justice is the paramount role of the court and both Bar and the Bench have an equal role in performance of the said sacrosanct duty. (Para 5)
The judicial proceeding has its own solemnity and sanctity. No one has any authority to sully the same. It is the obligation of everyone to behave with propriety when a judicial proceeding is conducted. Any kind of deviancy not only affects the system but corrodes the faith of the collective at large. Neither any counsel nor a litigant can afford to behave in this manner. This being the position, it is really shocking that a counsel who was in his mid fifties could afford to behave like that. Hence, we have expressed our displeasure. (Para 10)
We are absolutely convinced that apology or for that matter the unconditional apology was neither prompt nor genuine. The concept of mercy and compassion is ordinarily attracted keeping in view the infirmities of mans nature and the fragile conduct but in a court of law a counsel cannot always take shelter under the canopy of mercy, for the law has to reign supreme. The sanctity of law which is sustained through dignity of courts cannot be marred by errant behaviour by any counsel or litigant. Even a Judge is required to maintain the decorum and dignity of the court. (Para 12)
Cases Reffered:
1. Mahabir Prasad Singh v. M/s. Jacks Aviation Pvt. Ltd. [JT 1998 (7) SC 579] (Para 7)
2. In Re: Sanjiv Datta, Deputy Secretary, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, New Delhi, Kailash Vasdev, Advocate and Kitty Kumaramanglam (Smt.), Advocate [JT 1995 (3) SC 538] (Para 8)
3. M.B. Sanghi v. High Court of Punjab and Haryana [JT 1991 (3) SC 318] (Para 9)
4. L.D. Jaikwal v. State of U.P. [1984 (3) SCC 405] (Para 11)
5. Lt. Col. S.J. Chaudhary v. State (Delhi Administration) [AIR 1984 SC 618] (Para 7)
6. R.K. Garg, Advocate v. State of Himachal Pradesh [1981 (3) SCC 166] (Para 6)
2. In Re: Sanjiv Datta, Deputy Secretary, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, New Delhi, Kailash Vasdev, Advocate and Kitty Kumaramanglam (Smt.), Advocate [JT 1995 (3) SC 538] (Para 8)
3. M.B. Sanghi v. High Court of Punjab and Haryana [JT 1991 (3) SC 318] (Para 9)
4. L.D. Jaikwal v. State of U.P. [1984 (3) SCC 405] (Para 11)
5. Lt. Col. S.J. Chaudhary v. State (Delhi Administration) [AIR 1984 SC 618] (Para 7)
6. R.K. Garg, Advocate v. State of Himachal Pradesh [1981 (3) SCC 166] (Para 6)
JUDGEMENT:
ORDER
1. This appeal has been filed under Section 19 of the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971 (hereinafter referred to as the Act) against the judgment and order dated 17.08.2007 passed by the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in Criminal Contempt No. 13 of 2006, by way of which the High Court has convicted the appellant for committing the contempt of court under Section 12 of the Act and sentenced him to suffer simple imprisonment for one month and to pay a fine of Rs.2,000/- in default, to undergo simple imprisonment for a further period of two weeks.
2. On 5.9.2005 the appellant moved an application to surrender Chhandra Pal @ Badara s/o Shri Mathura under various sections of the Indian Penal Code in pursuance of the order passed under Section 82 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (for short the Code) by the learned Judicial Magistrate. As the offences mentioned in the application and the process issued under Section 82 of the Code were different, the court asked a report from the police station concerned fixing the next date for disposal. About 3.45 p.m., when the Presiding Officer of the Court was in the midst of dictation of the order to his stenographer in another case, i.e., Original Suit No. 200/90 titled Balraj v. Rangpal, the appellant came inside the Court and shouted loudly uttering as under:
As to why you did not take my accused in judicial custody. You have passed arbitrary orders. Now, my accused would be arrested and he would be encountered. You have done injustice. I will see you. If you have your official force I am also having my own force.
3. Apart from the aforesaid loud threatening utterances the appellant had also used unparliamentary language for the said Judicial Officer. The Judicial Officer sent a complaint to the High Court against the appellant through proper channel, the cognizance of which was taken by the High Court, first on administrative side and, thereafter, on judicial side. After hearing the parties, the High Court framed the charges against the contemnor on 6.10.2006 in respect of this incident dated 5.9.2005 at Khaga Court, District Fatehpur, using abusive language to Abdul Qayum, learned Civil Judge, (Junior Division/Judicial Magistrate, Khaga, District Fatehpur) and interrupted him from working and shouting loudly while he was dictating the order to his stenographer in other case. To the said charge-sheet, the appellant filed the counter affidavit dated 20.7.2006 denying all the allegations made in the report of the Presiding Officer. However, at a later stage by filing an affidavit dated 14.11.2006 he tendered unconditional apology to the court. The matter was heard at length. The High Court discussed the entire facts and law and came to the conclusion that it was not a fit case wherein unconditional apology tendered by the appellant should be accepted and, thus, considering the gravity of the charge against him, he had been convicted and sentenced as referred to hereinabove.
4. We have heard Mr. T.N. Saxena, learned counsel appearing for the appellant in detail, who has argued all the legal and factual aspects before us. However, we can express our anxiety and displeasure only on the issue that we fail to understand how the High Court could afford to take such a lenient view sentencing the appellant for one months simple imprisonment only.
5. It has been reiterated by this Court time and again that the Bar and the Bench are required to maintain the decorum of the Court, for Court is the temple of justice for all. No one has the authority to conduct in a manner which would demean and disgrace the majesty of justice which is dispensed by a court of law. The administration of justice is the paramount role of the court and both Bar and the Bench have an equal role in performance of the said sacrosanct duty.
6. In this context, we may refer with profit to the pronouncement in R.K. Garg, Advocate v. State of Himachal Pradesh [1981 (3) SCC 166], wherein the Court has observed thus:
The Bar and the Bench are an integral part of the same mechanism which administers justice to the people. Many members of the Bench are drawn from the Bar and their past association is a source of inspiration and pride to them. It ought to be a matter of equal pride to the Bar. It is unquestionably true that courtesy breeds courtesy and just as charity has to begin at home, courtesy must begin with the Judge. A discourteous Judge is like an ill-tuned instrument in the setting of a court room. But members of the Bar will do well to remember that such flagrant violations of professional ethics and cultured conduct will only result in the ultimate destruction of a system without which no democracy can survive.
7. In Mahabir Prasad Singh v. M/s. Jacks Aviation Pvt. Ltd. [JT 1998 (7) SC 579 : AIR 1999 SC 287], this Court has observed that judicial function cannot and should not be permitted to be stonewalled by browbeating or bullying methodology whether it is by litigants or by counsel. In the said case the two learned Judges, after referring to a three-Judge Bench decision in Lt. Col. S.J. Chaudhary v. State (Delhi Administration) [AIR 1984 SC 618], has opined thus:
It was further reminded that having accepted the brief, he will be committing a breach of his professional duty, if he so fails to attend.
A lawyer is under obligation to do nothing that shall detract from the dignity of the Court, of which he is himself a sworn officer and assistant. He should at all times pay deferential respect to the Judge, and scrupulously observe the decorum of the Court room.
(Warevelles Legal Ethics at p. 182)
Of course, it is not a unilateral affair. There is a reciprocal duty for the Court also to be courteous to the members of the Bar and to make every endeavour for maintaining and protecting the respect which members of the Bar are entitled to have from their clients as well as from the litigant public. Both the Bench and the Bar are the two inextricable wings of the judicial forum and therefore the aforesaid mutual respect is sine qua non for the efficient functioning of the solemn work carried on in Courts of law. But that does not mean that any advocate or group of them can boycott the courts or any particular Court and ask the Court to desist from discharging judicial functions. At any rate, no advocate can ask the Court to avoid a case on the ground that he does not want to appear in that Court.
8. In In Re: Sanjiv Datta, Deputy Secretary, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, New Delhi, Kailash Vasdev, Advocate and Kitty Kumaramanglam (Smt.), Advocate [JT 1995 (3) SC 538 : 1995 (3) SCC 619] certain observations were made, though in different context, yet we think it apt to reproduce the same:
The legal profession is a solemn and serious occupation. It is a noble calling and all those who belong to it are its honourable members. Although the entry to the profession can be had by acquiring merely the qualification of technical competence, the honour as a professional has to be maintained by its members by their exemplary conduct both in and outside the court. The legal profession is different from other professions in that what the lawyers do, affects not only an individual but the administration of justice which is the foundation of the civilised society. Both as a leading member of the intelligentsia of the society and as a responsible citizen, the lawyer has to conduct himself as a model for others both in his professional and in his private and public life. The society has a right to expect of him such ideal behaviour.
9. In M.B. Sanghi v. High Court of Punjab and Haryana [JT 1991 (3) SC 318 : 1991 (3) SCC 600], it has been opined that
The tendency of maligning the reputation of judicial officers by disgruntled elements who fail to secure the desired order is ever on the increase and it is high time it is nipped in the bud. And, when a member of the profession resorts to such cheap gimmicks with a view to browbeating the Judge into submission, it is all the more painful. When there is a deliberate attempt to scandalise which would shake the confidence of the litigating public in the system, the damage caused is not only to the reputation of the Judge concerned but also to the fair name of the judiciary.
10. From the aforesaid enunciation of law it is clear as noon day that the judicial proceeding has its own solemnity and sanctity. No one has any authority to sully the same. It is the obligation of everyone to behave with propriety when a judicial proceeding is conducted. Any kind of deviancy not only affects the system but corrodes the faith of the collective at large. Neither any counsel nor a litigant can afford to behave in this manner. This being the position, it is really shocking that a counsel who was in his mid fiftees could afford to behave like that. Hence, we have expressed our displeasure.
11. The learned counsel for the appellant has endeavoured had to impress us that when the appellant had offered unconditional apology, the same should have been accepted. In L.D. Jaikwal v. State of U.P. [1984 (3) SCC 405] it has been observed as follows:
We do not think that merely because the appellant has tendered his apology we should set aside the sentence and allow him to go unpunished. Otherwise, all that a person wanting to intimidate a Judge by making the grossest imputations against him has to do, is to go ahead and scandalize him, and later on tender a formal empty apology which costs him practically nothing. If such an apology were to be accepted, as a rule, and not as an exception, we would in fact be virtually issuing a licence to scandalize courts and commit contempt of court with impunity. It will be rather difficult to persuade members of the Bar, who care for their self-respect, to join [pic] the judiciary if they are expected to pay such a price for it. And no sitting Judge will feel free to decide any matter as per the dictates of his conscience on account of the fear of being scandalized and persecuted by an advocate who does not mind making reckless allegations if the Judge goes against his wishes. If this situation were to be countenanced, advocates who can cow down the Judges, and make them fall in line with their wishes, by threats of character assassination and persecution, will be preferred by the litigants to the advocates who are mindful of professional ethics and believe in maintaining the decorum of courts.
12. In the case at hand, we are absolutely convinced that apology or for that matter the unconditional apology was neither prompt nor genuine. The concept of mercy and compassion is ordinarily attracted keeping in view the infirmities of mans nature and the fragile conduct but in a court of law a counsel cannot always take shelter under the canopy of mercy, for the law has to reign supreme. The sanctity of law which is sustained through dignity of courts cannot be marred by errant behaviour by any counsel or litigant. Even a Judge is required to maintain the decorum and dignity of the court.
13. In view of the above, we do not find any force in the appeal, which is accordingly dismissed. The appellant is directed to surrender and deposit the fine within a period of thirty days from today, failing which the Chief Judicial Magistrate, Fatehpur, shall ensure to give effect to the judgment and order passed by the High Court.
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1. This appeal has been filed under Section 19 of the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971 (hereinafter referred to as the Act) against the judgment and order dated 17.08.2007 passed by the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in Criminal Contempt No. 13 of 2006, by way of which the High Court has convicted the appellant for committing the contempt of court under Section 12 of the Act and sentenced him to suffer simple imprisonment for one month and to pay a fine of Rs.2,000/- in default, to undergo simple imprisonment for a further period of two weeks.
2. On 5.9.2005 the appellant moved an application to surrender Chhandra Pal @ Badara s/o Shri Mathura under various sections of the Indian Penal Code in pursuance of the order passed under Section 82 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (for short the Code) by the learned Judicial Magistrate. As the offences mentioned in the application and the process issued under Section 82 of the Code were different, the court asked a report from the police station concerned fixing the next date for disposal. About 3.45 p.m., when the Presiding Officer of the Court was in the midst of dictation of the order to his stenographer in another case, i.e., Original Suit No. 200/90 titled Balraj v. Rangpal, the appellant came inside the Court and shouted loudly uttering as under:
As to why you did not take my accused in judicial custody. You have passed arbitrary orders. Now, my accused would be arrested and he would be encountered. You have done injustice. I will see you. If you have your official force I am also having my own force.
3. Apart from the aforesaid loud threatening utterances the appellant had also used unparliamentary language for the said Judicial Officer. The Judicial Officer sent a complaint to the High Court against the appellant through proper channel, the cognizance of which was taken by the High Court, first on administrative side and, thereafter, on judicial side. After hearing the parties, the High Court framed the charges against the contemnor on 6.10.2006 in respect of this incident dated 5.9.2005 at Khaga Court, District Fatehpur, using abusive language to Abdul Qayum, learned Civil Judge, (Junior Division/Judicial Magistrate, Khaga, District Fatehpur) and interrupted him from working and shouting loudly while he was dictating the order to his stenographer in other case. To the said charge-sheet, the appellant filed the counter affidavit dated 20.7.2006 denying all the allegations made in the report of the Presiding Officer. However, at a later stage by filing an affidavit dated 14.11.2006 he tendered unconditional apology to the court. The matter was heard at length. The High Court discussed the entire facts and law and came to the conclusion that it was not a fit case wherein unconditional apology tendered by the appellant should be accepted and, thus, considering the gravity of the charge against him, he had been convicted and sentenced as referred to hereinabove.
4. We have heard Mr. T.N. Saxena, learned counsel appearing for the appellant in detail, who has argued all the legal and factual aspects before us. However, we can express our anxiety and displeasure only on the issue that we fail to understand how the High Court could afford to take such a lenient view sentencing the appellant for one months simple imprisonment only.
5. It has been reiterated by this Court time and again that the Bar and the Bench are required to maintain the decorum of the Court, for Court is the temple of justice for all. No one has the authority to conduct in a manner which would demean and disgrace the majesty of justice which is dispensed by a court of law. The administration of justice is the paramount role of the court and both Bar and the Bench have an equal role in performance of the said sacrosanct duty.
6. In this context, we may refer with profit to the pronouncement in R.K. Garg, Advocate v. State of Himachal Pradesh [1981 (3) SCC 166], wherein the Court has observed thus:
The Bar and the Bench are an integral part of the same mechanism which administers justice to the people. Many members of the Bench are drawn from the Bar and their past association is a source of inspiration and pride to them. It ought to be a matter of equal pride to the Bar. It is unquestionably true that courtesy breeds courtesy and just as charity has to begin at home, courtesy must begin with the Judge. A discourteous Judge is like an ill-tuned instrument in the setting of a court room. But members of the Bar will do well to remember that such flagrant violations of professional ethics and cultured conduct will only result in the ultimate destruction of a system without which no democracy can survive.
7. In Mahabir Prasad Singh v. M/s. Jacks Aviation Pvt. Ltd. [JT 1998 (7) SC 579 : AIR 1999 SC 287], this Court has observed that judicial function cannot and should not be permitted to be stonewalled by browbeating or bullying methodology whether it is by litigants or by counsel. In the said case the two learned Judges, after referring to a three-Judge Bench decision in Lt. Col. S.J. Chaudhary v. State (Delhi Administration) [AIR 1984 SC 618], has opined thus:
It was further reminded that having accepted the brief, he will be committing a breach of his professional duty, if he so fails to attend.
A lawyer is under obligation to do nothing that shall detract from the dignity of the Court, of which he is himself a sworn officer and assistant. He should at all times pay deferential respect to the Judge, and scrupulously observe the decorum of the Court room.
(Warevelles Legal Ethics at p. 182)
Of course, it is not a unilateral affair. There is a reciprocal duty for the Court also to be courteous to the members of the Bar and to make every endeavour for maintaining and protecting the respect which members of the Bar are entitled to have from their clients as well as from the litigant public. Both the Bench and the Bar are the two inextricable wings of the judicial forum and therefore the aforesaid mutual respect is sine qua non for the efficient functioning of the solemn work carried on in Courts of law. But that does not mean that any advocate or group of them can boycott the courts or any particular Court and ask the Court to desist from discharging judicial functions. At any rate, no advocate can ask the Court to avoid a case on the ground that he does not want to appear in that Court.
8. In In Re: Sanjiv Datta, Deputy Secretary, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, New Delhi, Kailash Vasdev, Advocate and Kitty Kumaramanglam (Smt.), Advocate [JT 1995 (3) SC 538 : 1995 (3) SCC 619] certain observations were made, though in different context, yet we think it apt to reproduce the same:
The legal profession is a solemn and serious occupation. It is a noble calling and all those who belong to it are its honourable members. Although the entry to the profession can be had by acquiring merely the qualification of technical competence, the honour as a professional has to be maintained by its members by their exemplary conduct both in and outside the court. The legal profession is different from other professions in that what the lawyers do, affects not only an individual but the administration of justice which is the foundation of the civilised society. Both as a leading member of the intelligentsia of the society and as a responsible citizen, the lawyer has to conduct himself as a model for others both in his professional and in his private and public life. The society has a right to expect of him such ideal behaviour.
9. In M.B. Sanghi v. High Court of Punjab and Haryana [JT 1991 (3) SC 318 : 1991 (3) SCC 600], it has been opined that
The tendency of maligning the reputation of judicial officers by disgruntled elements who fail to secure the desired order is ever on the increase and it is high time it is nipped in the bud. And, when a member of the profession resorts to such cheap gimmicks with a view to browbeating the Judge into submission, it is all the more painful. When there is a deliberate attempt to scandalise which would shake the confidence of the litigating public in the system, the damage caused is not only to the reputation of the Judge concerned but also to the fair name of the judiciary.
10. From the aforesaid enunciation of law it is clear as noon day that the judicial proceeding has its own solemnity and sanctity. No one has any authority to sully the same. It is the obligation of everyone to behave with propriety when a judicial proceeding is conducted. Any kind of deviancy not only affects the system but corrodes the faith of the collective at large. Neither any counsel nor a litigant can afford to behave in this manner. This being the position, it is really shocking that a counsel who was in his mid fiftees could afford to behave like that. Hence, we have expressed our displeasure.
11. The learned counsel for the appellant has endeavoured had to impress us that when the appellant had offered unconditional apology, the same should have been accepted. In L.D. Jaikwal v. State of U.P. [1984 (3) SCC 405] it has been observed as follows:
We do not think that merely because the appellant has tendered his apology we should set aside the sentence and allow him to go unpunished. Otherwise, all that a person wanting to intimidate a Judge by making the grossest imputations against him has to do, is to go ahead and scandalize him, and later on tender a formal empty apology which costs him practically nothing. If such an apology were to be accepted, as a rule, and not as an exception, we would in fact be virtually issuing a licence to scandalize courts and commit contempt of court with impunity. It will be rather difficult to persuade members of the Bar, who care for their self-respect, to join [pic] the judiciary if they are expected to pay such a price for it. And no sitting Judge will feel free to decide any matter as per the dictates of his conscience on account of the fear of being scandalized and persecuted by an advocate who does not mind making reckless allegations if the Judge goes against his wishes. If this situation were to be countenanced, advocates who can cow down the Judges, and make them fall in line with their wishes, by threats of character assassination and persecution, will be preferred by the litigants to the advocates who are mindful of professional ethics and believe in maintaining the decorum of courts.
12. In the case at hand, we are absolutely convinced that apology or for that matter the unconditional apology was neither prompt nor genuine. The concept of mercy and compassion is ordinarily attracted keeping in view the infirmities of mans nature and the fragile conduct but in a court of law a counsel cannot always take shelter under the canopy of mercy, for the law has to reign supreme. The sanctity of law which is sustained through dignity of courts cannot be marred by errant behaviour by any counsel or litigant. Even a Judge is required to maintain the decorum and dignity of the court.
13. In view of the above, we do not find any force in the appeal, which is accordingly dismissed. The appellant is directed to surrender and deposit the fine within a period of thirty days from today, failing which the Chief Judicial Magistrate, Fatehpur, shall ensure to give effect to the judgment and order passed by the High Court.
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